Let’s go through each question one by one and fill in the correct vocabulary term based on standard biology/genetics knowledge.
---
1. _______________ - refers to the physical appearance of an organism.
→ This is
phenotype. It’s what you can see — like eye color, height, etc.
2. _______________ - refers to the genetic makeup of an organism.
→ This is
genotype. It’s the actual genes (like BB, Bb, bb) that determine traits.
3. _______________ - traits that are covered up or “masked”.
→ These are
recessive traits. They only show if there’s no dominant allele present.
4. _______________ - traits that are expressed.
→ These are
dominant traits. They show up even if only one copy is present.
5. _______________ - known as the “Father of Modern Genetics”.
→ That’s
Gregor Mendel. He studied pea plants and figured out how traits are inherited.
6. _______________ - the study of genes and heredity.
→ That’s
genetics. The whole field about how traits pass from parents to kids.
7. _______________ - how traits or characteristics are passed on from generation to generation.
→ That’s
heredity. It’s the process of inheritance.
8. _______________ - a permanent change in DNA sequence.
→ That’s a
mutation. Any lasting change in the DNA code.
9. _______________ - sequence of 3 nucleotide bases that form the genetic code of DNA and RNA.
→ That’s a
codon. Each codon tells the cell which amino acid to add when making proteins.
10. _______________ - emission of energy as electromagnetic waves.
→ That’s
radiation. Like light, X-rays, radio waves — all forms of energy traveling as waves.
11. _______________ - type of mutation in which nucleotide base(s) are removed from DNA sequence.
→ That’s a
deletion. Removing one or more bases from the DNA strand.
12. _______________ - type of mutation in which a nucleotide base is replaced with another in a DNA sequence.
→ That’s a
substitution. One base swaps for another — like changing A to G.
13. _______________ - type of mutation in which nucleotide base(s) are added to DNA sequence.
→ That’s an
insertion. Adding extra bases into the DNA chain.
14. _______________ - bond that holds amino acids of a protein together.
→ That’s a
peptide bond. It links amino acids in a chain to make proteins.
*(Note: The quiz says 17 questions but only shows 14. We’ll answer what’s visible.)*
---
Final Answer:
1. Phenotype
2. Genotype
3. Recessive
4. Dominant
5. Gregor Mendel
6. Genetics
7. Heredity
8. Mutation
9. Codon
10. Radiation
11. Deletion
12. Substitution
13. Insertion
14. Peptide bond
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of 12th grade vocabulary worksheet.
