1. Albert Einstein is one of the most famous scientists who has ever lived.
2. He is best known for his theory of relativity, which explains how objects behave in space and time.
3. Few people know that the math that made Einstein's theory possible was the work of a woman named Emmy Noether.
4. Noether was born in Germany in 1882.
5. Her father was a mathematician, and Emmy showed an early ability in math.
6. She did well in school and earned her doctorate in 1907.
7. Despite the government of her time believing that admitting women into academics would "overthrow all academic order," Noether was working on her scientific theories.
8. While Einstein was working for paid for her work, at her local university.
9. In 1915, Noether was invited to the University of Göttingen to help two world-renowned mathematicians with a problem.
10. Einstein's new theory of gravity, or general relativity, which had been published earlier that year, seemed to contradict the well-established principle of physics called the conservation of energy.
11. This principle says that while energy can change forms, it cannot be destroyed.
12. The total amount of energy in the universe remains constant.
13. Noether agreed to help try to solve the problem and reconcile the two theories.
14. Her solution showed that energy is always conserved, though the conservation may require a sufficiently large expanse of space to actually work out.
15. As a result of this work, Noether was hired by the university and finally began to get paid.
16. While there, she developed the theorem for which she is best known, which says that every symmetry has an associated conservation law.
17. In 1932, she was the first woman ever to give the keynote speech at the International Congress of Mathematicians.
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