Educational worksheet explaining the basics of electricity, focusing on atomic structure and electron flow.
Educational worksheet: The World Of Earth Science Worksheet for 6th - 8th Grade | Lesson. Download and print for classroom or home learning activities.
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Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: The World Of Earth Science Worksheet for 6th - 8th Grade | Lesson
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Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: The World Of Earth Science Worksheet for 6th - 8th Grade | Lesson
Let’s go step by step to solve each part of this worksheet about electricity and atoms.
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1. Label the parts of the atom and their charges.
An atom has three main parts:
- Protons → found in the center (nucleus) → have a positive (+) charge.
- Neutrons → also in the nucleus → have no charge (neutral).
- Electrons → orbit around the nucleus → have a negative (-) charge.
In the first diagram (left), you see a simple atom with 2 protons in the center and 2 electrons orbiting. So label:
- Center circles: “Proton (+)”
- Orbiting circles: “Electron (-)”
In the second set of diagrams (right), there are two atoms shown — one above the other. The top atom has extra electrons, and one electron is moving away from it toward the bottom atom. We’ll come back to that for question 2.
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2. Label and explain what is happening with the above two atoms.
Looking at the right-side diagrams:
- Top atom: Has more electrons than protons → so it’s negatively charged.
- Bottom atom: Has fewer electrons than protons → so it’s positively charged.
- One electron is shown leaving the top atom and going to the bottom atom (dotted arrow).
This shows electron transfer — when an electron moves from one atom to another. This creates ions (charged atoms). The top atom becomes less negative (or more positive), and the bottom atom becomes less positive (or more negative).
So we can say:
> An electron is being transferred from the top atom to the bottom atom. This makes the top atom less negative and the bottom atom less positive. It’s how static electricity or charging happens.
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3. This diagram shows _______________. Label and explain what is happening in the conductor above.
The diagram shows a gray bar (conductor) filled with minus signs (-) — those are free electrons. On the left side, there’s a triangle pointing up with minus signs inside — meaning electrons are flowing upward into the conductor. On the right side, there’s a triangle pointing down with plus signs (+) — meaning positive charges are flowing downward out of the conductor.
But wait — in reality, only electrons move in conductors! Positive charges don’t actually flow — they’re fixed in place. What’s really happening is:
→ Electrons are entering the conductor on the left (making that end negative).
→ Electrons are leaving the conductor on the right (leaving behind positive charges).
So the diagram is showing electric current flow, but remember: conventional current (what we draw as + to -) is opposite to actual electron flow (which is - to +).
We can fill in:
> This diagram shows electric current in a conductor.
> Explanation: Electrons are flowing into the conductor from the left and out from the right. As electrons leave the right side, it becomes positively charged. Even though we draw current as flowing from + to -, real electron flow is from - to +.
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Now let’s do the fill-in-the-blank questions:
4. All matter is made of _atoms_.
Everything around us — solids, liquids, gases — is made of tiny building blocks called atoms.
5. Small particles in an atom have an _electrical_ charge.
Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the small particles. Protons and electrons have electrical charge; neutrons do not.
6. Electrons have a _negative_ charge.
Always remember: electrons = negative (-)
7. Protons have a _positive_ charge.
Protons = positive (+)
8. Inner orbiting electrons are called _bound electrons_ or _core electrons_.
These are tightly held near the nucleus and don’t usually move around.
*(Note: In some curricula, they may just say “inner shell electrons” — either is fine.)*
9. Outer orbiting electrons are called _valence electrons_.
These are the ones involved in bonding and electricity — they can jump between atoms!
10. We use wires to produce an orderly _flow of electrons_ (or _electric current_).
Wires give electrons a path to follow in one direction — that’s electric current!
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Final Answer:
1. Atom labels:
- Nucleus: Protons (+) and Neutrons (no charge)
- Orbits: Electrons (-)
2. Electron is transferring from top atom to bottom atom → creating charged ions.
3. Diagram shows electric current in a conductor. Electrons enter left (making it negative), exit right (leaving it positive). Real electron flow is opposite to conventional current.
4. atoms
5. electrical
6. negative
7. positive
8. bound electrons (or core electrons)
9. valence electrons
10. flow of electrons (or electric current)
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1. Label the parts of the atom and their charges.
An atom has three main parts:
- Protons → found in the center (nucleus) → have a positive (+) charge.
- Neutrons → also in the nucleus → have no charge (neutral).
- Electrons → orbit around the nucleus → have a negative (-) charge.
In the first diagram (left), you see a simple atom with 2 protons in the center and 2 electrons orbiting. So label:
- Center circles: “Proton (+)”
- Orbiting circles: “Electron (-)”
In the second set of diagrams (right), there are two atoms shown — one above the other. The top atom has extra electrons, and one electron is moving away from it toward the bottom atom. We’ll come back to that for question 2.
---
2. Label and explain what is happening with the above two atoms.
Looking at the right-side diagrams:
- Top atom: Has more electrons than protons → so it’s negatively charged.
- Bottom atom: Has fewer electrons than protons → so it’s positively charged.
- One electron is shown leaving the top atom and going to the bottom atom (dotted arrow).
This shows electron transfer — when an electron moves from one atom to another. This creates ions (charged atoms). The top atom becomes less negative (or more positive), and the bottom atom becomes less positive (or more negative).
So we can say:
> An electron is being transferred from the top atom to the bottom atom. This makes the top atom less negative and the bottom atom less positive. It’s how static electricity or charging happens.
---
3. This diagram shows _______________. Label and explain what is happening in the conductor above.
The diagram shows a gray bar (conductor) filled with minus signs (-) — those are free electrons. On the left side, there’s a triangle pointing up with minus signs inside — meaning electrons are flowing upward into the conductor. On the right side, there’s a triangle pointing down with plus signs (+) — meaning positive charges are flowing downward out of the conductor.
But wait — in reality, only electrons move in conductors! Positive charges don’t actually flow — they’re fixed in place. What’s really happening is:
→ Electrons are entering the conductor on the left (making that end negative).
→ Electrons are leaving the conductor on the right (leaving behind positive charges).
So the diagram is showing electric current flow, but remember: conventional current (what we draw as + to -) is opposite to actual electron flow (which is - to +).
We can fill in:
> This diagram shows electric current in a conductor.
> Explanation: Electrons are flowing into the conductor from the left and out from the right. As electrons leave the right side, it becomes positively charged. Even though we draw current as flowing from + to -, real electron flow is from - to +.
---
Now let’s do the fill-in-the-blank questions:
4. All matter is made of _atoms_.
Everything around us — solids, liquids, gases — is made of tiny building blocks called atoms.
5. Small particles in an atom have an _electrical_ charge.
Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the small particles. Protons and electrons have electrical charge; neutrons do not.
6. Electrons have a _negative_ charge.
Always remember: electrons = negative (-)
7. Protons have a _positive_ charge.
Protons = positive (+)
8. Inner orbiting electrons are called _bound electrons_ or _core electrons_.
These are tightly held near the nucleus and don’t usually move around.
*(Note: In some curricula, they may just say “inner shell electrons” — either is fine.)*
9. Outer orbiting electrons are called _valence electrons_.
These are the ones involved in bonding and electricity — they can jump between atoms!
10. We use wires to produce an orderly _flow of electrons_ (or _electric current_).
Wires give electrons a path to follow in one direction — that’s electric current!
---
Final Answer:
1. Atom labels:
- Nucleus: Protons (+) and Neutrons (no charge)
- Orbits: Electrons (-)
2. Electron is transferring from top atom to bottom atom → creating charged ions.
3. Diagram shows electric current in a conductor. Electrons enter left (making it negative), exit right (leaving it positive). Real electron flow is opposite to conventional current.
4. atoms
5. electrical
6. negative
7. positive
8. bound electrons (or core electrons)
9. valence electrons
10. flow of electrons (or electric current)
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of 6th grade science worksheets.
