7th Grade Science End-of-Year Exam with True/False and Multiple-Choice Questions

Let's go through each question on the 7th Grade Science End of Year Exam and solve them step by step.

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True (T) or False (F)? *(1 point each – 10 total)*

1. The nucleus stores the DNA.
✔ True – The nucleus is the organelle that contains the cell’s DNA in eukaryotic cells.

2. Rabbits can photosynthesize.
✘ False – Rabbits are animals; they cannot perform photosynthesis. Only plants, algae, and some bacteria can.

3. Sexual reproduction has 1 parent.
✘ False – Sexual reproduction involves two parents, each contributing genetic material.

4. Asexual reproduction has 1 parent.
✔ True – Asexual reproduction involves only one parent and produces genetically identical offspring.

5. XY chromosomes means it's a boy.
✔ True – In humans, males have XY sex chromosomes; females have XX.

6. All living things can walk around.
✘ False – Many living things (like plants, fungi, bacteria) do not move from place to place. "Walking" is not a requirement for life.

7. An ecosystem has all living and nonliving things in one place.
✔ True – An ecosystem includes both biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) components in an environment.

8. Evolution is a change over a long time.
✔ True – Evolution refers to changes in heritable traits of biological populations over successive generations.

9. The mitochondria creates energy (ATP).
✔ True – Mitochondria are known as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they produce ATP through cellular respiration.

10. All living things need and use energy.
✔ True – All living organisms require energy to carry out life processes like growth, movement, and reproduction.

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Multiple Choice: *(2 points each – 6 total)*

11. What is the correct order of the phases of cell division (mitosis)?

Correct sequence:
- Interphase (preparation)
- Prophase (chromosomes condense)
- Metaphase (chromosomes line up)
- Anaphase (sister chromatids separate)
- Telophase (nuclei reform)
- Cytokinesis (cytoplasm divides)

So the correct answer is:
a. interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

✔ Answer: a

12. What is the organelle where photosynthesis happens?

Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts in plant cells.

✔ Answer: b. chloroplast

13. Smiley Faces have two different versions of eye color. The blue version (B) is dominant and the red version (b) is recessive. A Smiley Face Baby is born with the genotype Bb. What is the baby’s phenotype?

- Genotype: Bb
- Since B (blue) is dominant, even one copy results in blue eyes.
- Phenotype = observable trait → blue

✔ Answer: c. blue

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✔ Final Answers:

#### True/False:
1. T
2. F
3. F
4. T
5. T
6. F
7. T
8. T
9. T
10. T

#### Multiple Choice:
11. a
12. b
13. c

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🔍 Explanation Summary:

- Nucleus: Stores DNA → True
- Photosynthesis: Only in plants/bacteria → Rabbits can't → False
- Reproduction: Sexual = 2 parents; Asexual = 1 parent → Questions 3 & 4
- XY = male: Standard human genetics → True
- Walking: Not required for life → False
- Ecosystem: Includes living and nonliving → True
- Evolution: Change over time → True
- Mitochondria: Produces ATP → True
- Energy: All living things need it → True

For mitosis, remember the acronym: IPMATC (Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis) — though interphase is technically before mitosis, it's often included in the cycle.

Chloroplasts = site of photosynthesis (not mitochondria, which is for energy production).

In genetics, dominant alleles (B) mask recessive ones (b), so Bb = blue eyes.

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✔ Score: 100/100 (if all answers are correct)
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