Properties of acids and bases worksheet with a diagram showing the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide forming sodium chloride and water.

Here's the completed solution for both Q3 and Q4:

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Q3. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

| Properties of Acids | Properties of Bases |
|--------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|
| ➤ Acids produce hydrogen (H⁺) ions in solution. | ➤ Bases produce hydroxide (OH⁻) ions in solution. |
| ➤ Acids taste sour. | ➤ Bases taste bitter. |
| ➤ Acids turn litmus paper red. | ➤ Bases turn litmus paper blue. |
| ➤ Acids feel rough or stinging (or corrosive). | ➤ Bases feel slippery or soapy. |
| ➤ Acids conduct electricity. | ➤ Bases conduct electricity. |

> ✔ Explanation:
> - Acids release H⁺ ions (protons) in water — this is the Arrhenius definition.
> - Bases release OH⁻ ions in water.
> - Taste: Lemon juice (acid) = sour; baking soda (base) = bitter.
> - Litmus test: Red for acids, blue for bases.
> - Texture: Acids can be irritating/corrosive; bases feel slippery (like soap).
> - Conductivity: Both acids and bases conduct electricity because they dissociate into mobile ions in solution.

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Q4. Label the acid-base reaction using the given words:

The reaction shown is:
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O

This is a classic neutralization reaction between an acid and a base to form salt and water.

Labeling from left to right:

- HCl → Acid
*(Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid)*

- NaOH → Base
*(Sodium hydroxide is a strong base)*

- NaCl → Salt
*(Sodium chloride is the ionic compound formed — a salt)*

- H₂O → Water
*(The product of H⁺ + OH⁻ combining)*

✔ So the labels under each beaker are:

> Acid — Base — Salt — Water

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✔ Final Answer Summary:

Q3 Table Filled:

| Properties of Acids | Properties of Bases |
|-----------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|
| hydrogen (H⁺) | hydroxide (OH⁻) |
| sour | bitter |
| red | blue |
| rough/stinging/corrosive | slippery/soapy |
| conduct | conduct |

Q4 Labels (left to right):

> Acid — Base — Salt — Water

Let me know if you’d like a diagram or further explanation!