Free Printable Acids Bases and Salts Worksheets - Free Printable

Let’s solve this step by step.

We’re working with acids, bases, and salts — using the Arrhenius definition:

- Acid: A substance that produces H⁺ ions (hydrogen ions) in water.
- Base: A substance that produces OH⁻ ions (hydroxide ions) in water.
- Salt: An ionic compound made from a positive ion (not H⁺) and a negative ion (not OH⁻). Usually formed when an acid reacts with a base.

Also for Question 2:
- Strong acid/base: Completely breaks apart in water → very reactive.
- Weak acid/base: Only partly breaks apart → less reactive.
- For salts:
- If it comes from strong acid + strong base → neutral
- Strong acid + weak base → acidic salt
- Weak acid + strong base → basic salt

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Part 1: Classify as Acid, Base, or Salt (Arrhenius)

Let’s go one by one:

① HBr → Starts with H → gives H⁺ → Acid

② Mg(OH)₂ → Has OH group → gives OH⁻ → Base

③ HCl → Starts with H → gives H⁺ → Acid

④ KNO₂ → K⁺ and NO₂⁻ → no H⁺ or OH⁻ → Salt

⑤ HI → Starts with H → gives H⁺ → Acid

⑥ Ba(OH)₂ → Has OH → gives OH⁻ → Base

⑦ KCl → K⁺ and Cl⁻ → Salt

⑧ HPO₄ → Starts with H → gives H⁺ → Acid

⑨ HClO → Starts with H → gives H⁺ → Acid

⑩ Al(OH)₃ → Has OH → gives OH⁻ → Base

⑪ KC₂H₃O₂ → K⁺ and C₂H₃O₂⁻ (acetate) → Salt

⑫ NaCl → Na⁺ and Cl⁻ → Salt

✔ All done for Part 1.

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Part 2: Classify + Strength + Salt Type

Now we need to say:
- Is it acid, base, or salt?
- If acid/base → strong or weak?
- If salt → acidic, basic, or neutral?

Let’s use common knowledge of strong/weak acids and bases.

Strong Acids (memorize these):
HCl, HBr, HI, HNO₃, H₂SO₄, HClO₄

Strong Bases:
Group 1 hydroxides (like NaOH, KOH), Ca(OH)₂, Sr(OH)₂, Ba(OH)₂

Everything else is usually weak.

For salts:
- Look at parent acid and base.
- Example: NaCl → from HCl (strong acid) + NaOH (strong base) → neutral

Let’s go:

① HNO₃ → Acid → Strong acid → (no salt type needed)

② NaOH → Base → Strong base

③ NaNO₃ → Salt → From NaOH (strong base) + HNO₃ (strong acid) → Neutral

④ KOH → Base → Strong base

⑤ H₂S → Acid → Not on strong list → Weak acid

⑥ Al(NO₃)₃ → Salt → From Al(OH)₃ (weak base) + HNO₃ (strong acid) → Acidic salt

⑦ H₂SO₄ → Acid → Strong acid

⑧ CaCl₂ → Salt → From Ca(OH)₂ (strong base) + HCl (strong acid) → Neutral

⑨ H₃PO₄ → Acid → Not strong → Weak acid

⑩ H₂CO₃ → Acid → Weak (carbonic acid decomposes but still weak)

⑪ NH₄OH → Actually ammonia solution → acts as base → Weak base

⑫ NH₄Cl → Salt → From NH₃ (weak base) + HCl (strong acid) → Acidic salt

⑬ FeBr₃ → Salt → Fe³⁺ is small/high charge → makes solution acidic → Acidic salt

⑭ HF → Acid → Weak (even though F is halogen, HF doesn’t fully dissociate)

⑮ H₂Se → Acid → Similar to H₂S → Weak acid

⑯ HMnO₄ → Permanganic acid → Strong acid (similar to HClO₄)

✔ All done!

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Final Answer:

Part 1:
① Acid
② Base
③ Acid
④ Salt
⑤ Acid
⑥ Base
⑦ Salt
⑧ Acid
⑨ Acid
⑩ Base
⑪ Salt
⑫ Salt

Part 2:
① Acid, Strong
② Base, Strong
③ Salt, Neutral
④ Base, Strong
⑤ Acid, Weak
⑥ Salt, Acidic
⑦ Acid, Strong
⑧ Salt, Neutral
⑨ Acid, Weak
⑩ Acid, Weak
⑪ Base, Weak
⑫ Salt, Acidic
⑬ Salt, Acidic
⑭ Acid, Weak
⑮ Acid, Weak
⑯ Acid, Strong