Active Transport Reading Comprehension & Application Questions ... - Free Printable

Problem Analysis:

The task involves filling in blanks related to active transport and identifying processes depicted in diagrams. The word bank provides terms that can be used to answer the questions. Additionally, the diagrams need to be labeled correctly based on the processes of exocytosis, endocytosis, pinocytosis, and phagocytosis.

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Solution:

#### 1. Active transport can move substances against their _________.
- Answer: concentration gradient
- Explanation: Active transport moves substances from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, which is opposite to the natural direction of movement in passive transport (down the concentration gradient).

#### 2. Materials are released from a cell in a process called _________.
- Answer: exocytosis
- Explanation: Exocytosis is the process by which materials are expelled from the cell. Vesicles containing substances fuse with the plasma membrane and release their contents outside the cell.

#### 3. The difference between active and passive transport is that active transport requires _________, while passive transport does not.
- Answer: energy
- Explanation: Active transport requires energy (usually in the form of ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient, whereas passive transport occurs without the need for energy input.

#### 4. Materials are taken in by a cell in a process called _________.
- Answer: endocytosis
- Explanation: Endocytosis is the general term for the process by which materials are brought into the cell. It includes specific types such as phagocytosis and pinocytosis.

#### 5. _________ is the movement of solutes or fluids into a cell.
- Answer: pinocytosis
- Explanation: Pinocytosis is the process by which cells take in small molecules or fluids by engulfing them in small vesicles.

#### 6. _________ is the movement of large particles into a cell.
- Answer: phagocytosis
- Explanation: Phagocytosis involves the ingestion of large particles, such as whole cells or large molecules, by forming a vacuole around the particle.

#### 7. Phagocytosis and pinocytosis are types of _________ transport.
- Answer: endocytosis
- Explanation: Both phagocytosis and pinocytosis are forms of endocytosis, which is the general term for the uptake of materials into the cell.

#### 9. Label the diagrams below – Exocytosis, Endocytosis, Pinocytosis, Phagocytosis.

- Diagram A:
- Label: Exocytosis
- Explanation: This diagram shows vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane and releasing their contents outside the cell. This is characteristic of exocytosis.

- Diagram B:
- Label: Pinocytosis
- Explanation: This diagram shows the uptake of small molecules or fluids into the cell via small vesicles. This is characteristic of pinocytosis.

- Diagram C:
- Label: Phagocytosis
- Explanation: This diagram shows the ingestion of large particles (e.g., food or other particles) into a vacuole. This is characteristic of phagocytosis.

- Diagram D:
- Label: Endocytosis
- Explanation: This diagram shows the general process of endocytosis, where materials are taken into the cell via vesicles. While it could represent either pinocytosis or phagocytosis, the term "endocytosis" is more general and encompasses both.

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Final Answers:

1. concentration gradient
2. exocytosis
3. energy
4. endocytosis
5. pinocytosis
6. phagocytosis
7. endocytosis

#### Diagram Labels:
- A: Exocytosis
- B: Pinocytosis
- C: Phagocytosis
- D: Endocytosis

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Final Answer Box:

\[
\boxed{
\text{1. concentration gradient, 2. exocytosis, 3. energy, 4. endocytosis, 5. pinocytosis, 6. phagocytosis, 7. endocytosis, A: Exocytosis, B: Pinocytosis, C: Phagocytosis, D: Endocytosis}
}
\]