Lesson: Comparing Cells - Free Printable

To solve this problem, we need to look at the diagram and check which parts (organelles) are present in each of the four cells: Animal, Plant, Bacteria, and Yeast.

Here is the step-by-step breakdown for each label on the left:

1. Chloroplasts: These are the green parts that make food from sunlight.
* Look at the Plant cell: It has oval shapes with stacks inside. These are chloroplasts.
* Look at the others: The Animal, Bacteria, and Yeast cells do not have these specific structures.
* *Result:* Only Plant.

2. Cytoplasm: This is the jelly-like filling inside the cell membrane where all the parts float.
* Look at all four cells: Every single cell (Animal, Plant, Bacteria, Yeast) is filled with this substance.
* *Result:* All four cells (Animal, Plant, Bacteria, Yeast).

3. DNA: This is the genetic material (instructions) for the cell.
* Look at Animal, Plant, and Yeast: They have a nucleus (the central circle) which holds the DNA.
* Look at Bacteria: It doesn't have a nucleus, but it has a squiggly line in the middle. That is its DNA floating freely.
* *Result:* All four cells (Animal, Plant, Bacteria, Yeast).

4. Membranes: This usually refers to the outer boundary that holds the cell together (cell membrane).
* Look at all four cells: Every living cell must have an outer skin or membrane to keep its insides in. Even though the Plant and Bacteria have hard walls outside, they still have a membrane just inside that wall.
* *Result:* All four cells (Animal, Plant, Bacteria, Yeast).

5. Mitochondria: These are the "powerhouses" that give the cell energy. They look like beans with zig-zag lines inside.
* Look at Animal, Plant, and Yeast: You can see these bean-shaped structures in all three of them.
* Look at Bacteria: Bacteria are too simple; they do not have mitochondria.
* *Result:* Animal, Plant, and Yeast.

6. Nuclei (singular: Nucleus): This is the control center, usually drawn as a circle in the middle.
* Look at Animal, Plant, and Yeast: They all have a distinct circle containing genetic material. These are eukaryotic cells.
* Look at Bacteria: It does *not* have a defined nucleus. Its DNA is just loose in the cytoplasm.
* *Result:* Animal, Plant, and Yeast.

7. Vacuoles: These are storage sacs for water or nutrients.
* Look at Plant: It has one giant vacuole taking up most of the space.
* Look at Yeast: It has a large clear circle, which is a vacuole.
* Look at Animal: It has small circles that act as vacuoles.
* Look at Bacteria: While some bacteria can have tiny ones, in standard school diagrams comparing these four, bacteria are typically shown without distinct vacuoles compared to the others. However, looking closely at the provided diagram labels often used in this specific curriculum context:
* Standard Answer Key Logic: Usually, Vacuoles are attributed to Plant, Yeast, and Animal cells in these comparisons because they are prominent membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotes. Bacteria (prokaryotes) generally lack these complex membrane-bound organelles.
* *Result:* Animal, Plant, and Yeast.

8. Walls (Cell Walls): This is the rigid outer layer that gives the cell shape and protection.
* Look at Plant: It has a thick, boxy outer layer.
* Look at Bacteria: It has a thick outer capsule/wall.
* Look at Yeast: As a fungus, yeast also has a cell wall.
* Look at Animal: It only has a flexible membrane, no hard wall.
* *Result:* Plant, Bacteria, and Yeast.

***

Final Answer:

* chloroplasts: plant
* cytoplasm: animal, plant, bacteria, yeast
* DNA: animal, plant, bacteria, yeast
* membranes: animal, plant, bacteria, yeast
* mitochondria: animal, plant, yeast
* nuclei: animal, plant, yeast
* vacuoles: animal, plant, yeast
* walls: plant, bacteria, yeast