1. The cell is in prophase I of meiosis because homologous chromosomes are paired up and crossing over is occurring.
2. The cell is in metaphase I of meiosis because homologous chromosome pairs are aligned at the equator.
3. The cell is in anaphase I of meiosis because homologous chromosomes are separating and moving to opposite poles.
4. The cell is in telophase I of meiosis because homologous chromosomes have reached opposite poles and the cell is beginning to divide.
5. The cell is in prophase II of meiosis because chromosomes are condensing again and no homologous pairs are present.
6. The cell is in metaphase II of meiosis because individual chromosomes are aligned at the equator.
7. The cell is in anaphase II of meiosis because sister chromatids are separating and moving to opposite poles.
8. The cell is in telophase II of meiosis because sister chromatids have reached opposite poles and four haploid cells are forming.
9. Crossing over occurs during prophase I and results in new combinations of alleles on chromosomes, increasing genetic variation.
10. Independent assortment occurs during metaphase I when homologous pairs line up randomly, leading to different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes in gametes.
11. Meiosis produces four genetically unique haploid cells, while mitosis produces two genetically identical diploid cells.
12. Meiosis reduces chromosome number by half to form gametes; fertilization restores the diploid number, maintaining species chromosome count across generations.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of answers worksheet 6 karyotype.
