Basic Atomic Structure worksheet with questions on atomic particles, element symbols, and periodic table data.

Let's go through each part of the worksheet step by step and solve it thoroughly.

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1. Label the parts of an atom in the diagram below

The diagram shows a simplified atomic model with:

- A central nucleus (cluster of particles)
- Electrons orbiting around it in shells

Labeling:
- The central cluster → Nucleus
- The small dots circling the nucleus → Electrons
- The particles inside the nucleus → Protons and Neutrons

Now, answer the questions:

a) What type of charge does a proton have?
→ Positive (+)

b) What type of charge does a neutron have?
→ Neutral (no charge)

c) What type of charge does an electron have?
→ Negative (–)

d) Which two subatomic particles are located in the nucleus of an atom?
→ Protons and neutrons

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2. Fill in the numbers of protons (P), neutrons (N), and electrons (E)

We use:
- Atomic number = number of protons (#P)
- Number of electrons (#E) = #P (in neutral atoms)
- Number of neutrons (#N) = Mass number – Atomic number

#### Carbon (C)
- Atomic number = 6 → #P = 6
- Mass number ≈ 12.011 → round to 12
- #N = 12 – 6 = 6
- #E = #P = 6

✔ So:
- #P = 6
- #N = 6
- #E = 6

#### Neon (Ne)
- Atomic number = 10 → #P = 10
- Mass number ≈ 20.108 → round to 20
- #N = 20 – 10 = 10
- #E = #P = 10

✔ So:
- #P = 10
- #N = 10
- #E = 10

#### Potassium (K)
- Atomic number = 19 → #P = 19
- Mass number ≈ 39.098 → round to 39
- #N = 39 – 19 = 20
- #E = #P = 19

✔ So:
- #P = 19
- #N = 20
- #E = 19

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3. Complete the table using your knowledge of the periodic table

We will use:
- Atomic number = # of protons = # of electrons (in neutral atoms)
- Mass number ≈ rounded average atomic mass
- # of neutrons = Mass number – Atomic number

| Symbol | Atomic Number | Mass Number | # Protons | # Electrons | # Neutrons |
|--------|----------------|-------------|-----------|-------------|------------|
| Na | ? | ? | 11 | ? | 12 |

- Na (Sodium): Atomic number = 11
- # of electrons = 11 (neutral atom)
- # of neutrons = 12 → so mass number = 11 + 12 = 23
- ✔ So:
- Atomic Number: 11
- Mass Number: 23

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| K | ? | 39 | ? | 19 | ? |

- K (Potassium): Atomic number = 19
- # of protons = 19
- # of electrons = 19
- # of neutrons = 39 – 19 = 20
- ✔ So:
- Atomic Number: 19
- # Protons: 19
- # Neutrons: 20

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| ? | ? | ? | 38 | ? | 50 |

- # of protons = 38 → element is Strontium (Sr)
- Atomic number = 38
- # of electrons = 38
- # of neutrons = 50 → mass number = 38 + 50 = 88
- ✔ So:
- Symbol: Sr
- Atomic Number: 38
- Mass Number: 88

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| F | ? | ? | ? | 9 | 10 |

- # of electrons = 9 → atomic number = 9
- Element is Fluorine (F)
- # of protons = 9
- # of neutrons = 10 → mass number = 9 + 10 = 19
- ✔ So:
- Atomic Number: 9
- Mass Number: 19

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| ? | 20 | 40 | ? | 20 | ? |

- Atomic number = 20 → element is Calcium (Ca)
- # of protons = 20
- # of electrons = 20
- # of neutrons = 40 – 20 = 20
- ✔ So:
- Symbol: Ca
- # Protons: 20
- # Neutrons: 20

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| ? | 50 | ? | ? | 50 | 69 |

- Atomic number = 50 → element is Tin (Sn)
- # of protons = 50
- # of electrons = 50
- # of neutrons = 69 → mass number = 50 + 69 = 119
- ✔ So:
- Symbol: Sn
- Mass Number: 119

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| I | 53 | 127 | ? | ? | ? |

- Iodine (I): atomic number = 53
- # of protons = 53
- # of electrons = 53
- # of neutrons = 127 – 53 = 74
- ✔ So:
- # Protons: 53
- # Electrons: 53
- # Neutrons: 74

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✔ Final Completed Table:

| Symbol | Atomic Number | Mass Number | # Protons | # Electrons | # Neutrons |
|--------|---------------|-------------|-----------|-------------|------------|
| Na | 11 | 23 | 11 | 11 | 12 |
| K | 19 | 39 | 19 | 19 | 20 |
| Sr | 38 | 88 | 38 | 38 | 50 |
| F | 9 | 19 | 9 | 9 | 10 |
| Ca | 20 | 40 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Sn | 50 | 119 | 50 | 50 | 69 |
| I | 53 | 127 | 53 | 53 | 74 |

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Summary of Answers:

#### Question 1:
- Diagram labels: Nucleus, Electrons, Protons/Neutrons (inside nucleus)
- a) Positive
- b) Neutral
- c) Negative
- d) Protons and neutrons

#### Question 2:
- Carbon: P=6, N=6, E=6
- Neon: P=10, N=10, E=10
- Potassium: P=19, N=20, E=19

#### Question 3:
Completed table as shown above.

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