- Protons have a positive electrical charge.
- Electrons have a negative electrical charge.
- Neutrons are neutral.
- The nucleus is at the center of the atom, containing protons and neutrons.
- Electrons orbit around the nucleus; most of the atom’s mass is in the nucleus.
- Protons and electrons attract each other; protons repel protons, and electrons repel electrons.
- All atoms have equal numbers of protons and electrons.
- If an atom loses or gains an electron, it becomes an ion—an electrically charged atom.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of atoms worksheet 5th grade.