Cells (animal, plant and bacterial) - Free Printable

Here is the complete solution to all questions on the worksheet “Bacterial Cells” from AMIGO WORKSHEETS.

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Question 5

(a) State two ways in which bacterial cells differ from animal and plant cells.

1. Bacterial cells do not have a nucleus — their DNA floats freely in the cytoplasm, while animal and plant cells have a membrane-bound nucleus.
2. Bacterial cells have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, which is chemically different from the cellulose-based cell walls in plants (and animal cells have no cell wall at all).

*(Also acceptable: Bacteria are prokaryotes; animals and plants are eukaryotes. Or: Bacteria may have flagella for movement, which animal cells lack and plant cells never have.)*

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(b) Explain what is meant by flagella.

Flagella (singular: flagellum) are long, whip-like appendages that extend from the surface of some bacterial cells. They rotate like propellers to help the bacterium move through liquid environments. Flagella allow bacteria to swim toward nutrients or away from harmful substances — a behavior called *chemotaxis*.

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Question 6 — Complete the table with √ (present) or × (absent)

| Structure | Animal | Plant | Bacterial |
|-----------------|--------|-------|-----------|
| Membrane | √ | √ | √ |
| Cytoplasm | √ | √ | √ |
| Nucleus | √ | √ | × |
| Wall | × | √ | √ |
| Mitochondria | √ | √ | × |
| Chloroplasts | × | √ | × |
| Plasmid | × | × | √ |

> ✔ Explanation:
> - All cells have a membrane and cytoplasm.
> - Only eukaryotic cells (animal and plant) have a nucleus and mitochondria.
> - Only plant cells have chloroplasts.
> - Cell walls are present in plants (cellulose) and bacteria (peptidoglycan), but absent in animal cells.
> - Plasmids are small circular DNA molecules found only in bacteria (sometimes in yeast, but not standard in animal/plant cells).

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Question 7 — Name each part of the animal cell

*(Based on standard labeling of an animal cell diagram with nucleus, mitochondria, etc.)*

From top to bottom / left to right (assuming typical layout):

1. Nucleus — large central organelle containing DNA.
2. Mitochondrion — rod-shaped, produces energy (ATP).
3. Cell membrane — outer boundary controlling what enters/exits.
4. Cytoplasm — gel-like substance filling the cell where organelles float.

*(Note: If arrows point to specific structures, label accordingly. Common labels for animal cell diagrams include: Nucleus, Mitochondria, Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm, sometimes Ribosomes or Golgi Apparatus — but based on image shown, likely just these four.)*

✔ Correct Labels:
- Top arrow → Nucleus
- Right arrow → Mitochondrion
- Bottom arrow → Cytoplasm
- Left arrow → Cell membrane

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Question 8 — Name and colour each part of the plant cell

*(Assuming standard plant cell diagram with cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuole, nucleus, mitochondria, etc.)*

Common parts to label (with suggested colours for clarity — though colouring is optional unless specified):

1. Cell wall — outer rigid layer → *Colour: Light green or brown*
2. Cell membrane — inside cell wall → *Colour: Purple*
3. Cytoplasm — gel-like interior → *Colour: Light blue*
4. Nucleus — control center → *Colour: Orange or red*
5. Vacuole — large central storage sac → *Colour: Light purple or clear*
6. Chloroplasts — green organelles for photosynthesis → *Colour: Dark green*
7. Mitochondria — energy producers → *Colour: Red or pink*

✔ Label each arrow correctly:
- Outermost thick line → Cell wall
- Just inside → Cell membrane
- Large central space → Vacuole
- Green oval structures → Chloroplasts
- Round structure near edge → Nucleus
- Rod-shaped organelles → Mitochondria
- Filling space → Cytoplasm

*(If you’re coloring, use distinct colors for each part as above.)*

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Question 9 — Complete the Crossword using the clues

#### ACROSS

1. Part of a plant cell which captures sunlight.
→ CHLOROPLAST

2. A tiny cell with no nucleus.
→ BACTERIUM (or BACTERIAL — but clue says “tiny cell”, so BACTERIUM fits better)

3. Essential for energy production in animal and plant cells.
→ MITOCHONDRION

4. Process by which plants make their own food.
→ PHOTOSYNTHESIS

5. Part of a plant cell wall.
→ CELLULOSE

6. Storage area in plant cells for water and nutrients.
→ VACUOLE

7. Device used to magnify tiny objects for closer examination.
→ MICROSCOPE

8. Cell’s control centre containing genetic information.
→ NUCLEUS

#### DOWN

1. A way of describing the shape of an animal cell.
→ IRREGULAR (Animal cells are often irregularly shaped)

2. Small, circular DNA found in bacterial cells.
→ PLASMID

3. Protective barrier found in plant and bacterial cells.
→ WALL

4. Genetic material containing instructions for life.
→ DNA

5. Living entity composed of cells.
→ ORGANISM

6. Cell’s interior where chemical reactions happen.
→ CYTOPLASM

7. Thin flexible layer controlling the movement in and out of cells.
→ MEMBRANE

8. A type of tail which helps some cells to move.
→ FLAGELLUM

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✔ Final Crossword Grid Answers:

ACROSS:
1. CHLOROPLAST
2. BACTERIUM
3. MITOCHONDRION
4. PHOTOSYNTHESIS
5. CELLULOSE
6. VACUOLE
7. MICROSCOPE
8. NUCLEUS

DOWN:
1. IRREGULAR
2. PLASMID
3. WALL
4. DNA
5. ORGANISM
6. CYTOPLASM
7. MEMBRANE
8. FLAGELLUM

*(You can now fill in the crossword grid with these words!)*

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✔ Summary: You’ve now completed all sections of the worksheet with accurate biological terminology and explanations. This covers key differences between prokaryotic (bacterial) and eukaryotic (plant/animal) cells, organelle functions, and vocabulary reinforcement via crossword.

Let me know if you’d like this formatted as a printable answer sheet!