Worksheet for balancing chemical equations with 12 problems involving common compounds and elements.
Educational worksheet: Balancing Math Equations. Download and print for classroom or home learning activities.
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Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: Balancing Math Equations
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Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: Balancing Math Equations
To balance chemical equations, we need to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation. Here's how to solve each equation step by step:
---
- Reactants: 2 H atoms, 2 O atoms
- Products: 2 H atoms, 1 O atom
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) to get 2 O atoms on the product side.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{2 \text{H}_2 + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{H}_2\text{O}}
\]
---
- Reactants: 2 H atoms, 2 O atoms
- Products: 2 H atoms, 3 O atoms (2 from \( \text{O}_2 \) and 1 from \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \))
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) to get 4 O atoms on the product side.
- Adjust the reactant side accordingly.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{2 \text{H}_2\text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{O}_2}
\]
---
- Reactants: 1 Na atom, 2 O atoms
- Products: 2 Na atoms, 1 O atom
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{Na} \) to match the Na atoms.
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{Na}_2\text{O} \) to match the O atoms.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{4 \text{Na} + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{Na}_2\text{O}}
\]
---
- Reactants: 2 N atoms, 2 H atoms
- Products: 1 N atom, 3 H atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{NH}_3 \) to get 2 N atoms.
- Adjust the H atoms by adding a coefficient of 3 in front of \( \text{H}_2 \).
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{\text{N}_2 + 3 \text{H}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{NH}_3}
\]
---
- Reactants: 4 P atoms, 2 O atoms
- Products: 4 P atoms, 10 O atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 5 in front of \( \text{O}_2 \) to get 10 O atoms.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{\text{P}_4 + 5 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{P}_4\text{O}_{10}}
\]
---
- Reactants: 1 Fe atom, 2 H atoms, 1 O atom
- Products: 3 Fe atoms, 4 O atoms, 2 H atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 3 in front of \( \text{Fe} \) to match the Fe atoms.
- Add a coefficient of 4 in front of \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) to match the O atoms.
- Add a coefficient of 4 in front of \( \text{H}_2 \) to match the H atoms.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{3 \text{Fe} + 4 \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4 + 4 \text{H}_2}
\]
---
- Reactants: 1 C atom, 2 H atoms
- Products: 1 C atom, 4 H atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{H}_2 \) to get 4 H atoms.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{\text{C} + 2 \text{H}_2 \rightarrow \text{CH}_4}
\]
---
- Reactants: 2 Na atoms, 1 S atom, 4 O atoms, 1 Ca atom, 2 Cl atoms
- Products: 1 Ca atom, 1 S atom, 4 O atoms, 1 Na atom, 1 Cl atom
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{NaCl} \) to match the Na and Cl atoms.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{\text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4 + \text{CaCl}_2 \rightarrow \text{CaSO}_4 + 2 \text{NaCl}}
\]
---
- Reactants: 2 C atoms, 6 H atoms, 2 O atoms
- Products: 2 C atoms, 2 O atoms, 6 H atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{CO}_2 \) to match the C atoms.
- Add a coefficient of 3 in front of \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) to match the H atoms.
- Add a coefficient of \( \frac{7}{2} \) or 7/2 in front of \( \text{O}_2 \) to match the O atoms. Since coefficients must be whole numbers, multiply everything by 2.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{2 \text{C}_2\text{H}_6 + 7 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 4 \text{CO}_2 + 6 \text{H}_2\text{O}}
\]
---
- Reactants: 2 Al atoms, 3 O atoms
- Products: 1 Al atom, 2 O atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{Al} \) to match the Al atoms.
- Add a coefficient of \( \frac{3}{2} \) or 3/2 in front of \( \text{O}_2 \) to match the O atoms. Multiply everything by 2.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{2 \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3 \rightarrow 4 \text{Al} + 3 \text{O}_2}
\]
---
- Reactants: 4 C atoms, 12 H atoms, 6 O atoms
- Products: 2 C atoms, 4 H atoms, 2 O atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_4\text{O}_2 \) to match the C atoms.
- Add a coefficient of 3 in front of \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) to match the H and O atoms.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{\text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{O}_5 + 3 \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow 2 \text{C}_2\text{H}_4\text{O}_2}
\]
---
- Reactants: 2 C atoms, 4 H atoms, 2 O atoms
- Products: 2 C atoms, 2 O atoms, 2 H atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{CO}_2 \) to match the C atoms.
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) to match the H atoms.
- Add a coefficient of 3 in front of \( \text{O}_2 \) to match the O atoms.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{\text{C}_2\text{H}_4 + 3 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{CO}_2 + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O}}
\]
---
\[
\boxed{
\begin{aligned}
1. & \quad 2 \text{H}_2 + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{H}_2\text{O} \\
2. & \quad 2 \text{H}_2\text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{O}_2 \\
3. & \quad 4 \text{Na} + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{Na}_2\text{O} \\
4. & \quad \text{N}_2 + 3 \text{H}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{NH}_3 \\
5. & \quad \text{P}_4 + 5 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{P}_4\text{O}_{10} \\
6. & \quad 3 \text{Fe} + 4 \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4 + 4 \text{H}_2 \\
7. & \quad \text{C} + 2 \text{H}_2 \rightarrow \text{CH}_4 \\
8. & \quad \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4 + \text{CaCl}_2 \rightarrow \text{CaSO}_4 + 2 \text{NaCl} \\
9. & \quad 2 \text{C}_2\text{H}_6 + 7 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 4 \text{CO}_2 + 6 \text{H}_2\text{O} \\
10. & \quad 2 \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3 \rightarrow 4 \text{Al} + 3 \text{O}_2 \\
11. & \quad \text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{O}_5 + 3 \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow 2 \text{C}_2\text{H}_4\text{O}_2 \\
12. & \quad \text{C}_2\text{H}_4 + 3 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{CO}_2 + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O}
\end{aligned}
}
\]
---
1. \( \text{H}_2 + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O} \)
- Reactants: 2 H atoms, 2 O atoms
- Products: 2 H atoms, 1 O atom
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) to get 2 O atoms on the product side.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{2 \text{H}_2 + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{H}_2\text{O}}
\]
---
2. \( \text{H}_2\text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{O}_2 \)
- Reactants: 2 H atoms, 2 O atoms
- Products: 2 H atoms, 3 O atoms (2 from \( \text{O}_2 \) and 1 from \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \))
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) to get 4 O atoms on the product side.
- Adjust the reactant side accordingly.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{2 \text{H}_2\text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{O}_2}
\]
---
3. \( \text{Na} + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{Na}_2\text{O} \)
- Reactants: 1 Na atom, 2 O atoms
- Products: 2 Na atoms, 1 O atom
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{Na} \) to match the Na atoms.
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{Na}_2\text{O} \) to match the O atoms.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{4 \text{Na} + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{Na}_2\text{O}}
\]
---
4. \( \text{N}_2 + \text{H}_2 \rightarrow \text{NH}_3 \)
- Reactants: 2 N atoms, 2 H atoms
- Products: 1 N atom, 3 H atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{NH}_3 \) to get 2 N atoms.
- Adjust the H atoms by adding a coefficient of 3 in front of \( \text{H}_2 \).
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{\text{N}_2 + 3 \text{H}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{NH}_3}
\]
---
5. \( \text{P}_4 + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{P}_4\text{O}_{10} \)
- Reactants: 4 P atoms, 2 O atoms
- Products: 4 P atoms, 10 O atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 5 in front of \( \text{O}_2 \) to get 10 O atoms.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{\text{P}_4 + 5 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{P}_4\text{O}_{10}}
\]
---
6. \( \text{Fe} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4 + \text{H}_2 \)
- Reactants: 1 Fe atom, 2 H atoms, 1 O atom
- Products: 3 Fe atoms, 4 O atoms, 2 H atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 3 in front of \( \text{Fe} \) to match the Fe atoms.
- Add a coefficient of 4 in front of \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) to match the O atoms.
- Add a coefficient of 4 in front of \( \text{H}_2 \) to match the H atoms.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{3 \text{Fe} + 4 \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4 + 4 \text{H}_2}
\]
---
7. \( \text{C} + \text{H}_2 \rightarrow \text{CH}_4 \)
- Reactants: 1 C atom, 2 H atoms
- Products: 1 C atom, 4 H atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{H}_2 \) to get 4 H atoms.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{\text{C} + 2 \text{H}_2 \rightarrow \text{CH}_4}
\]
---
8. \( \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4 + \text{CaCl}_2 \rightarrow \text{CaSO}_4 + \text{NaCl} \)
- Reactants: 2 Na atoms, 1 S atom, 4 O atoms, 1 Ca atom, 2 Cl atoms
- Products: 1 Ca atom, 1 S atom, 4 O atoms, 1 Na atom, 1 Cl atom
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{NaCl} \) to match the Na and Cl atoms.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{\text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4 + \text{CaCl}_2 \rightarrow \text{CaSO}_4 + 2 \text{NaCl}}
\]
---
9. \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_6 + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \)
- Reactants: 2 C atoms, 6 H atoms, 2 O atoms
- Products: 2 C atoms, 2 O atoms, 6 H atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{CO}_2 \) to match the C atoms.
- Add a coefficient of 3 in front of \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) to match the H atoms.
- Add a coefficient of \( \frac{7}{2} \) or 7/2 in front of \( \text{O}_2 \) to match the O atoms. Since coefficients must be whole numbers, multiply everything by 2.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{2 \text{C}_2\text{H}_6 + 7 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 4 \text{CO}_2 + 6 \text{H}_2\text{O}}
\]
---
10. \( \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3 \rightarrow \text{Al} + \text{O}_2 \)
- Reactants: 2 Al atoms, 3 O atoms
- Products: 1 Al atom, 2 O atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{Al} \) to match the Al atoms.
- Add a coefficient of \( \frac{3}{2} \) or 3/2 in front of \( \text{O}_2 \) to match the O atoms. Multiply everything by 2.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{2 \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3 \rightarrow 4 \text{Al} + 3 \text{O}_2}
\]
---
11. \( \text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{O}_5 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{C}_2\text{H}_4\text{O}_2 \)
- Reactants: 4 C atoms, 12 H atoms, 6 O atoms
- Products: 2 C atoms, 4 H atoms, 2 O atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_4\text{O}_2 \) to match the C atoms.
- Add a coefficient of 3 in front of \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) to match the H and O atoms.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{\text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{O}_5 + 3 \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow 2 \text{C}_2\text{H}_4\text{O}_2}
\]
---
12. \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_4 + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \)
- Reactants: 2 C atoms, 4 H atoms, 2 O atoms
- Products: 2 C atoms, 2 O atoms, 2 H atoms
To balance:
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{CO}_2 \) to match the C atoms.
- Add a coefficient of 2 in front of \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) to match the H atoms.
- Add a coefficient of 3 in front of \( \text{O}_2 \) to match the O atoms.
- The balanced equation is:
\[
\boxed{\text{C}_2\text{H}_4 + 3 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{CO}_2 + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O}}
\]
---
Final Answer
\[
\boxed{
\begin{aligned}
1. & \quad 2 \text{H}_2 + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{H}_2\text{O} \\
2. & \quad 2 \text{H}_2\text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{O}_2 \\
3. & \quad 4 \text{Na} + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{Na}_2\text{O} \\
4. & \quad \text{N}_2 + 3 \text{H}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{NH}_3 \\
5. & \quad \text{P}_4 + 5 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{P}_4\text{O}_{10} \\
6. & \quad 3 \text{Fe} + 4 \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4 + 4 \text{H}_2 \\
7. & \quad \text{C} + 2 \text{H}_2 \rightarrow \text{CH}_4 \\
8. & \quad \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4 + \text{CaCl}_2 \rightarrow \text{CaSO}_4 + 2 \text{NaCl} \\
9. & \quad 2 \text{C}_2\text{H}_6 + 7 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 4 \text{CO}_2 + 6 \text{H}_2\text{O} \\
10. & \quad 2 \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3 \rightarrow 4 \text{Al} + 3 \text{O}_2 \\
11. & \quad \text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{O}_5 + 3 \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow 2 \text{C}_2\text{H}_4\text{O}_2 \\
12. & \quad \text{C}_2\text{H}_4 + 3 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{CO}_2 + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O}
\end{aligned}
}
\]
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of balancing equations worksheets.
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