1. Energy stored in an object due to its position or condition
2. Kinetic energy is associated with motion; potential energy is associated with position or condition
3. Gravitational potential energy depends on mass, gravity, and height
4. Elastic potential energy depends on the spring constant and the displacement from equilibrium
5. Kinetic energy increases as the square of the velocity
6. The total mechanical energy (kinetic + potential) remains constant in the absence of non-conservative forces
7. Potential energy converts to kinetic energy as the object falls
8. The work-energy theorem states that the net work done on an object equals its change in kinetic energy
9. Mechanical energy is conserved if only conservative forces act on the system
10. Friction converts mechanical energy into thermal energy, reducing the total mechanical energy
11. A roller coaster at the top of a hill has maximum potential energy and minimum kinetic energy
12. As the roller coaster descends, potential energy decreases and kinetic energy increases
13. At the bottom of the hill, the roller coaster has maximum kinetic energy and minimum potential energy
14. The sum of kinetic and potential energy remains constant if friction is negligible
15. In real systems, some mechanical energy is lost to heat and sound due to friction
16. A pendulum swings back and forth, converting potential energy to kinetic energy and vice versa
17. At the highest points of its swing, the pendulum has maximum potential energy and zero kinetic energy
18. At the lowest point of its swing, the pendulum has maximum kinetic energy and minimum potential energy
19. The total mechanical energy of the pendulum decreases over time due to air resistance and friction
20. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another or transferred between objects
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