Carbohydrate and Lipids WS - Name: Pd: ______ - Studocu - Free Printable
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Step-by-step solution for: Carbohydrate and Lipids WS - Name: Pd: ______ - Studocu
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Step-by-step solution for: Carbohydrate and Lipids WS - Name: Pd: ______ - Studocu
Let's go through the Carbohydrates & Lipids Worksheet step by step and solve each question with explanations.
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1. Organic molecules all contain the element
✔ Carbon
*Explanation:* All organic molecules are based on carbon, which can form stable covalent bonds with other atoms (especially H, O, N, S).
2. What element(s) are in carbohydrates?
✔ Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O)
*Explanation:* Carbohydrates have a general formula of (CH₂O)ₙ, meaning they are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio.
3. Plants use this polysaccharide to make their cell walls.
✔ Cellulose
*Explanation:* Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide made of glucose units and provides rigidity to plant cell walls.
4. True or False: Carbohydrates are joined together by peptide bonds.
✘ False
*Explanation:* Carbohydrates are linked by glycosidic bonds, not peptide bonds. Peptide bonds link amino acids in proteins.
5. True or False: A disaccharide is an example of a carbohydrate.
✔ True
*Explanation:* Disaccharides (like sucrose, lactose, maltose) are types of carbohydrates made from two monosaccharide units.
6. True or False: Monosaccharides are made of polysaccharides.
✘ False
*Explanation:* It’s the opposite — polysaccharides are made of monosaccharides. Monosaccharides are the simplest sugars and building blocks.
7. True or False: Monosaccharides have to be broken down many times during digestion.
✘ False
*Explanation:* Monosaccharides are already the simplest form of sugar and do not need to be broken down further. They are absorbed directly into the bloodstream.
8. True or False: Polymers are made of monomers.
✔ True
*Explanation:* Polymers are large molecules made up of repeating smaller units called monomers. For example, starch is a polymer made of glucose monomers.
9. True or False: Polysaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates.
✘ False
*Explanation:* Monosaccharides are the simplest form. Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates made of many monosaccharides.
10. __________ Carbohydrates provide quick/instant energy while __________ carbohydrates provide long-term energy.
✔ Simple / Complex
*Explanation:* Simple carbs (e.g., glucose, fructose) are digested quickly and give fast energy. Complex carbs (e.g., starch, cellulose) take longer to break down and provide sustained energy.
11. __________ is the most common type of Carbohydrate in our diets. (Found in bread/potatoes)
✔ Starch
*Explanation:* Starch is a polysaccharide made of glucose and is abundant in foods like bread, potatoes, rice, and pasta.
12. Give an example of a type of monosaccharide
✔ Glucose
a. What food can this be found in?
✔ Fruits, honey, blood
*(Other examples: fructose in fruits, galactose in milk)*
13. Give an example of a type of polysaccharide
✔ Starch (or glycogen, cellulose)
a. What food can this be found in?
✔ Potatoes, rice, bread (for starch); liver, muscle (for glycogen); plants (for cellulose)
14. What is the ratio of Carbon to Hydrogen to Oxygen in a monosaccharide?
✔ 1 : 2 : 1
*Explanation:* General formula for monosaccharides is Cₙ(H₂O)ₙ → e.g., glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆ → 6:12:6 = 1:2:1
15. Label the three monosaccharides in the pictures below.
Let’s analyze the structures:
- First structure (blue):
- The OH group on carbon #1 is pointing down (in Haworth projection). This is α-glucose.
- But since it's labeled with CH₂OH at position 6 and OH groups on carbons 2–5, and the anomeric carbon (C1) has OH down → this is α-D-glucose.
- Second structure (purple):
- The OH on carbon #1 is pointing up → this is β-D-glucose.
- Also note the orientation of OH groups — same as glucose but different configuration at C1.
- Third structure (green):
- Has a five-membered ring (furanose), unlike the six-membered pyranose rings above.
- The ring is pentagon-shaped, and the CH₂OH is attached to carbon 5.
- This is fructose, specifically β-D-fructofuranose (common form in sucrose).
- Fructose is a ketose (has a ketone group), while glucose is an aldose (has an aldehyde group).
So:
- Blue: α-D-glucose
- Purple: β-D-glucose
- Green: Fructose (likely β-D-fructofuranose)
a. Are these monomers or polymers?
✔ Monomers
*Explanation:* These are individual sugar molecules (monosaccharides), not linked together. They serve as building blocks for larger carbohydrates.
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1. Carbon
2. Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
3. Cellulose
4. False
5. True
6. False
7. False
8. True
9. False
10. Simple; Complex
11. Starch
12. Glucose; Fruits/honey
13. Starch; Potatoes/bread
14. 1 : 2 : 1
15.
- Blue: α-D-glucose
- Purple: β-D-glucose
- Green: Fructose
a. Monomers
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Let me know if you'd like this formatted as a printable answer key!
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CARBOHYDRATES
1. Organic molecules all contain the element
✔ Carbon
*Explanation:* All organic molecules are based on carbon, which can form stable covalent bonds with other atoms (especially H, O, N, S).
2. What element(s) are in carbohydrates?
✔ Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O)
*Explanation:* Carbohydrates have a general formula of (CH₂O)ₙ, meaning they are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio.
3. Plants use this polysaccharide to make their cell walls.
✔ Cellulose
*Explanation:* Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide made of glucose units and provides rigidity to plant cell walls.
4. True or False: Carbohydrates are joined together by peptide bonds.
✘ False
*Explanation:* Carbohydrates are linked by glycosidic bonds, not peptide bonds. Peptide bonds link amino acids in proteins.
5. True or False: A disaccharide is an example of a carbohydrate.
✔ True
*Explanation:* Disaccharides (like sucrose, lactose, maltose) are types of carbohydrates made from two monosaccharide units.
6. True or False: Monosaccharides are made of polysaccharides.
✘ False
*Explanation:* It’s the opposite — polysaccharides are made of monosaccharides. Monosaccharides are the simplest sugars and building blocks.
7. True or False: Monosaccharides have to be broken down many times during digestion.
✘ False
*Explanation:* Monosaccharides are already the simplest form of sugar and do not need to be broken down further. They are absorbed directly into the bloodstream.
8. True or False: Polymers are made of monomers.
✔ True
*Explanation:* Polymers are large molecules made up of repeating smaller units called monomers. For example, starch is a polymer made of glucose monomers.
9. True or False: Polysaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates.
✘ False
*Explanation:* Monosaccharides are the simplest form. Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates made of many monosaccharides.
10. __________ Carbohydrates provide quick/instant energy while __________ carbohydrates provide long-term energy.
✔ Simple / Complex
*Explanation:* Simple carbs (e.g., glucose, fructose) are digested quickly and give fast energy. Complex carbs (e.g., starch, cellulose) take longer to break down and provide sustained energy.
11. __________ is the most common type of Carbohydrate in our diets. (Found in bread/potatoes)
✔ Starch
*Explanation:* Starch is a polysaccharide made of glucose and is abundant in foods like bread, potatoes, rice, and pasta.
12. Give an example of a type of monosaccharide
✔ Glucose
a. What food can this be found in?
✔ Fruits, honey, blood
*(Other examples: fructose in fruits, galactose in milk)*
13. Give an example of a type of polysaccharide
✔ Starch (or glycogen, cellulose)
a. What food can this be found in?
✔ Potatoes, rice, bread (for starch); liver, muscle (for glycogen); plants (for cellulose)
14. What is the ratio of Carbon to Hydrogen to Oxygen in a monosaccharide?
✔ 1 : 2 : 1
*Explanation:* General formula for monosaccharides is Cₙ(H₂O)ₙ → e.g., glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆ → 6:12:6 = 1:2:1
15. Label the three monosaccharides in the pictures below.
Let’s analyze the structures:
- First structure (blue):
- The OH group on carbon #1 is pointing down (in Haworth projection). This is α-glucose.
- But since it's labeled with CH₂OH at position 6 and OH groups on carbons 2–5, and the anomeric carbon (C1) has OH down → this is α-D-glucose.
- Second structure (purple):
- The OH on carbon #1 is pointing up → this is β-D-glucose.
- Also note the orientation of OH groups — same as glucose but different configuration at C1.
- Third structure (green):
- Has a five-membered ring (furanose), unlike the six-membered pyranose rings above.
- The ring is pentagon-shaped, and the CH₂OH is attached to carbon 5.
- This is fructose, specifically β-D-fructofuranose (common form in sucrose).
- Fructose is a ketose (has a ketone group), while glucose is an aldose (has an aldehyde group).
So:
- Blue: α-D-glucose
- Purple: β-D-glucose
- Green: Fructose (likely β-D-fructofuranose)
a. Are these monomers or polymers?
✔ Monomers
*Explanation:* These are individual sugar molecules (monosaccharides), not linked together. They serve as building blocks for larger carbohydrates.
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✔ Final Answers Summary:
1. Carbon
2. Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
3. Cellulose
4. False
5. True
6. False
7. False
8. True
9. False
10. Simple; Complex
11. Starch
12. Glucose; Fruits/honey
13. Starch; Potatoes/bread
14. 1 : 2 : 1
15.
- Blue: α-D-glucose
- Purple: β-D-glucose
- Green: Fructose
a. Monomers
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Let me know if you'd like this formatted as a printable answer key!
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of carbohydrate worksheet.
