Cell Cycle, Mitosis, & Cancer Review Worksheet

Let's solve this step-by-step using the labeled cell cycle diagram and the information provided. The diagram shows the cell cycle, with different phases labeled (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J). We will match each description to the correct letter and complete the blanks.

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Understanding the Cell Cycle Phases:

The cell cycle consists of:
1. Interphase – includes G₁, S, and G₂ phases
2. M phase – mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) + cytokinesis

In the diagram:
- A is repeated in multiple places — likely represents interphase
- B, C, D are large sections — likely represent parts of interphase or M phase
- E, F, G, H, I, J are smaller segments within the M phase

Let’s go through each question:

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1. A: Consists of G₁, S and G₂ phases in the Cell Cycle.

✔ This describes Interphase.

So, A = Interphase

> ✔ Answer: A → Interphase

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2. Cytokinesis – division of the cytoplasm resulting in two identical d______

Cytokinesis follows mitosis and results in two daughter cells.

> ✔ Answer: d → daughter cells

But we need to fill in the letter for the stage.

Looking at the diagram:
- I is a small segment after G, which is likely cytokinesis.
- Also, J might be part of M phase.

But since cytokinesis is not part of mitosis (it's separate), and often shown as a separate step after mitosis, I is likely cytokinesis.

> ✔ Letter: I

> ✔ Full answer: I → daughter cells

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3. G₁ - growth phase: Makes organelles and proteins needed for replication of DNA. Also contains a G₁ checkpoint. If everything is correct, cell will proceed to S phase.

This is part of interphase. Since A is interphase, and G₁ is the first phase of interphase, it should be the first segment of A.

Looking at the diagram:
- The largest section labeled A is interphase, and it's subdivided into G₁, S, G₂.
- So, G₁ is the first part of A, which is H?

Wait — let's analyze the diagram carefully.

From the diagram:
- A appears in three locations:
- One large central area (likely interphase)
- Then A appears again in smaller segments around the circle
- But actually, looking at the structure:
- The outer ring has labels: J, H, G, F, E, I, etc.
- The central shaded region is labeled A, and it's divided into three parts: G₁, S, G₂

Wait — perhaps the large outer ring is the entire cell cycle, and the inner circle shows the phases.

Actually, re-examining:

The diagram shows:
- Outer ring with letters: J, H, G, F, E, I, and B, C, D
- Inner circle has A in three segments: one large and two small

But based on standard labeling, here’s how it works:

Typically:
- Interphase = G₁ → S → G₂
- Then M phase = Prophase → Metaphase → Anaphase → Telophase → Cytokinesis

Now, from the diagram:

- A is shown in the center and is labeled "A" in three parts — likely representing interphase
- The outer ring is divided into B, C, D, then E, F, G, H, I, J

But let's use the clues from the questions.

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Let’s look at Question 5:
D → G₂ phase

So D = G₂

Then C must be S phase, and B = G₁

So:
- B = G₁
- C = S phase
- D = G₂
- All together make interphase → so A is the interphase label

So:
- A = Interphase (includes G₁, S, G₂)
- B = G₁
- C = S phase
- D = G₂

That matches.

Now, E, F, G, H, I, J are the M phase stages.

Let’s assign them.

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4. S phase: DNA is replicated or synthesized.

We already said C = S phase

> ✔ Answer: C

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5. D → G₂ - growth phase: Cell gets ready to undergo M _______

G₂ prepares for mitosis (M phase)

> ✔ Blank: M phase

> ✔ Letter: D

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6. Prophase: chromatin condenses...

Prophase is the first stage of mitosis.

So, which letter is prophase?

After D (G₂), the next phase is M phase, starting with prophase.

Looking at the diagram: after D, we have E, then F, etc.

So E = Prophase

> ✔ Answer: E

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7. M _______: sister chromatids line up along the metaphase plate...

This is Metaphase

So, F = Metaphase

> ✔ Answer: F

> ✔ Blank: Metaphase

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8. G → A _______: sister chromatids separate and move to opposite sides...

This is Anaphase

So, G = Anaphase

> ✔ Answer: G

> ✔ Blanks:
> - "A" → Anaphase
> - "The s______ a______ pulls them apart" → spindle apparatus

So:
> - A → Anaphase
> - s → spindle
> - a → apparatus

> ✔ Full sentence: Anaphase: sister chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell. The spindle apparatus pulls them apart.

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9. Telophase: two nuclear envelopes begin reforming...

Telophase comes after anaphase.

So, H = Telophase

> ✔ Answer: H

> Now, fill in the blanks:
> - "In plant cells, a cell plate begins to form while a cleavage furrow is visible in animal cells."

> ✔ So:
> - c______ f______ → cleavage furrow

> ✔ Final: H → cleavage furrow

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10. Mitosis: division of a cell’s nucleus. Occurs in this order: prophase, _______, _______, and telophase.

Mitosis = prophase → metaphase → anaphase → telophase

So missing: metaphase, anaphase

> ✔ Answer: metaphase, anaphase

Also, what letter corresponds to mitosis?

Mitosis includes E, F, G, H → prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

But the question asks: Mitosis: occurs in this order: prophase, ____, ____, telophase

So the letter for mitosis? It's the entire M phase, but no single letter is labeled "mitosis".

But wait — the question says: "10. _ – Mitosis"

So it wants the letter that represents mitosis.

Looking at the diagram, J is a large arc that seems to include E, F, G, H?

Wait — actually, J is a label pointing to the entire M phase?

No — looking at the diagram:

- J points to the outer ring between H and E? Wait — no.

Actually, J is a label pointing to the entire M phase, which is the arc from E to H, possibly.

But J is labeled as a single segment.

Wait — recheck:

Looking at the diagram:
- J is a label pointing to the entire arc from E to H, which includes E, F, G, H — that's the M phase

So J = Mitosis

Yes — because J encompasses E (prophase), F (metaphase), G (anaphase), H (telophase)

So J = Mitosis

> ✔ Answer: J

And the order: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

So blanks: metaphase, anaphase

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✔ Final Answers:

| # | Letter | Description |
|---|--------|-----------|
| 1 | A | Interphase |
| 2 | I | Cytokinesis → daughter cells |
| 3 | B | G₁ phase |
| 4 | C | S phase |
| 5 | D | G₂ phase → M phase |
| 6 | E | Prophase |
| 7 | F | Metaphase |
| 8 | G | Anaphase → spindle apparatus |
| 9 | H | Telophase → cleavage furrow |
|10 | J | Mitosis → prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |

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✔ Completed Worksheet:

1. A → Interphase
2. I → daughter cells
3. B → G₁ phase
4. C → S phase
5. D → M phase
6. E → Prophase
7. F → Metaphase
8. G → Anaphase; spindle; apparatus
9. H → cleavage furrow
10. J → metaphase, anaphase

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✔ Final Answer Summary:

| Question | Answer |
|--------|--------|
| 1 | A: Interphase |
| 2 | I: daughter cells |
| 3 | B |
| 4 | C |
| 5 | D: phase |
| 6 | E |
| 7 | F: Metaphase |
| 8 | G: Anaphase, spindle, apparatus |
| 9 | H: cleavage furrow |
|10 | J: metaphase, anaphase |

✔ All completed!