Study aid showing the phases of mitosis in an animal cell, with labeled diagrams and questions for understanding.
Diagrams illustrating the stages of mitosis in an animal cell, including interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and the formation of two daughter cells.
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Step-by-step solution for: 46 Cell Division Worksheet Answers | Chessmuseum Template Library ...
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Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: 46 Cell Division Worksheet Answers | Chessmuseum Template Library ...
Here is the complete solution to the mitosis worksheet, with explanations for each question based on the diagrams provided.
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1. Label the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and chromosomes.
*(Based on the Interphase diagram:)*
- 1. Cell membrane – The outer boundary of the cell.
- 2. Cytoplasm – The gel-like substance inside the cell membrane but outside the nucleus.
- 3. Nucleus – The large, dark, circular structure inside the cell (contains genetic material).
- 4. Chromosomes – The thread-like structures inside the nucleus (in interphase, they are uncondensed and appear as chromatin).
> *Note: In interphase, chromosomes are not yet visible as distinct structures — they exist as diffuse chromatin. But in this diagram, the label points to the DNA material inside the nucleus.*
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2. How many chromosomes are present?
Answer: 4
> *Explanation:* In the interphase diagram, if you count the distinct chromosome structures shown (even though they’re not fully condensed), there are 4 chromosomes. This number will be maintained through mitosis — each chromosome duplicates during S phase (before prophase), but the *count* of chromosomes remains 4 until anaphase, when sister chromatids separate (then temporarily 8, but still considered 4 chromosomes per daughter cell after division).
> *Important note for students:* In most textbook diagrams like this, the number shown in interphase represents the diploid number (2n). Here, 4 chromosomes = 2 pairs. After replication, each chromosome has 2 sister chromatids, but it’s still counted as 4 chromosomes until anaphase separates them.
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3. In prophase what has happened to the chromosomes since interphase?
Answer: The chromosomes have condensed and become visible under a microscope.
> *Explanation:* During interphase, chromosomes are uncondensed (as chromatin) and not visible. In prophase, they coil tightly and become distinct, rod-shaped structures that can be seen under a light microscope.
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4. Describe any new structure that has formed.
Answer: The spindle fibers (or mitotic spindle) have formed, extending from the centrosomes (centrioles) at opposite poles of the cell.
> *Explanation:* In prophase, the centrosomes move to opposite poles and begin forming microtubules called spindle fibers. These will later attach to chromosomes and pull them apart.
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5. In metaphase what has happened to the nucleus?
Answer: The nuclear envelope has broken down (disintegrated).
> *Explanation:* By metaphase, the nuclear membrane has completely disappeared, allowing spindle fibers to access and attach to the chromosomes.
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6. How have the arrangement and the location of the chromosomes changed?
Answer: The chromosomes are now lined up single-file along the equator (middle) of the cell, attached to spindle fibers from both poles.
> *Explanation:* In metaphase, chromosomes align at the metaphase plate (equatorial plane). Each chromosome’s centromere is attached to spindle fibers from opposite poles — this ensures equal separation in the next stage.
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7. In anaphase, how have the chromosomes changed since metaphase?
Answer: The sister chromatids (now called chromosomes) have separated and are being pulled toward opposite poles of the cell.
> *Explanation:* In anaphase, the centromeres split, and each sister chromatid (now an independent chromosome) is pulled by spindle fibers to opposite ends of the cell. The cell now has 8 chromatids (but technically 8 chromosomes temporarily — 4 going to each pole).
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8. In telophase how have the location and arrangement of the chromosomes changed?
Answer: The chromosomes have reached the opposite poles of the cell and are beginning to decondense back into chromatin. Nuclear envelopes are reforming around each set of chromosomes.
> *Explanation:* Telophase is the “reverse” of prophase. Chromosomes arrive at poles, uncoil into chromatin, and new nuclear membranes form around each group, creating two nuclei within one cell.
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9. After mitosis and cell division are over, how are the two new cells similar to the original cell in interphase?
Answer: Each daughter cell has the same number and type of chromosomes as the original parent cell. They are genetically identical and contain the same organelles and cytoplasmic components.
> *Explanation:* Mitosis ensures that each daughter cell receives an exact copy of the parent cell’s chromosomes. Since the original cell had 4 chromosomes, each daughter cell also has 4 chromosomes — identical in genetic content. They enter interphase and are ready to grow or divide again.
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✔ Summary Table for Quick Review:
| Stage | Key Events |
|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Interphase | Chromosomes uncondensed; cell grows, DNA replicates |
| Prophase | Chromosomes condense; spindle forms; nucleus breaks down |
| Metaphase | Chromosomes align at equator; spindle attached |
| Anaphase | Sister chromatids separate to opposite poles |
| Telophase | Chromosomes decondense; nuclei reform; cell begins to pinch (cytokinesis) |
| Daughter Cells | Genetically identical to parent; same chromosome number (4) |
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Let me know if you’d like a printable version or flashcards for studying!
---
1. Label the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and chromosomes.
*(Based on the Interphase diagram:)*
- 1. Cell membrane – The outer boundary of the cell.
- 2. Cytoplasm – The gel-like substance inside the cell membrane but outside the nucleus.
- 3. Nucleus – The large, dark, circular structure inside the cell (contains genetic material).
- 4. Chromosomes – The thread-like structures inside the nucleus (in interphase, they are uncondensed and appear as chromatin).
> *Note: In interphase, chromosomes are not yet visible as distinct structures — they exist as diffuse chromatin. But in this diagram, the label points to the DNA material inside the nucleus.*
---
2. How many chromosomes are present?
Answer: 4
> *Explanation:* In the interphase diagram, if you count the distinct chromosome structures shown (even though they’re not fully condensed), there are 4 chromosomes. This number will be maintained through mitosis — each chromosome duplicates during S phase (before prophase), but the *count* of chromosomes remains 4 until anaphase, when sister chromatids separate (then temporarily 8, but still considered 4 chromosomes per daughter cell after division).
> *Important note for students:* In most textbook diagrams like this, the number shown in interphase represents the diploid number (2n). Here, 4 chromosomes = 2 pairs. After replication, each chromosome has 2 sister chromatids, but it’s still counted as 4 chromosomes until anaphase separates them.
---
3. In prophase what has happened to the chromosomes since interphase?
Answer: The chromosomes have condensed and become visible under a microscope.
> *Explanation:* During interphase, chromosomes are uncondensed (as chromatin) and not visible. In prophase, they coil tightly and become distinct, rod-shaped structures that can be seen under a light microscope.
---
4. Describe any new structure that has formed.
Answer: The spindle fibers (or mitotic spindle) have formed, extending from the centrosomes (centrioles) at opposite poles of the cell.
> *Explanation:* In prophase, the centrosomes move to opposite poles and begin forming microtubules called spindle fibers. These will later attach to chromosomes and pull them apart.
---
5. In metaphase what has happened to the nucleus?
Answer: The nuclear envelope has broken down (disintegrated).
> *Explanation:* By metaphase, the nuclear membrane has completely disappeared, allowing spindle fibers to access and attach to the chromosomes.
---
6. How have the arrangement and the location of the chromosomes changed?
Answer: The chromosomes are now lined up single-file along the equator (middle) of the cell, attached to spindle fibers from both poles.
> *Explanation:* In metaphase, chromosomes align at the metaphase plate (equatorial plane). Each chromosome’s centromere is attached to spindle fibers from opposite poles — this ensures equal separation in the next stage.
---
7. In anaphase, how have the chromosomes changed since metaphase?
Answer: The sister chromatids (now called chromosomes) have separated and are being pulled toward opposite poles of the cell.
> *Explanation:* In anaphase, the centromeres split, and each sister chromatid (now an independent chromosome) is pulled by spindle fibers to opposite ends of the cell. The cell now has 8 chromatids (but technically 8 chromosomes temporarily — 4 going to each pole).
---
8. In telophase how have the location and arrangement of the chromosomes changed?
Answer: The chromosomes have reached the opposite poles of the cell and are beginning to decondense back into chromatin. Nuclear envelopes are reforming around each set of chromosomes.
> *Explanation:* Telophase is the “reverse” of prophase. Chromosomes arrive at poles, uncoil into chromatin, and new nuclear membranes form around each group, creating two nuclei within one cell.
---
9. After mitosis and cell division are over, how are the two new cells similar to the original cell in interphase?
Answer: Each daughter cell has the same number and type of chromosomes as the original parent cell. They are genetically identical and contain the same organelles and cytoplasmic components.
> *Explanation:* Mitosis ensures that each daughter cell receives an exact copy of the parent cell’s chromosomes. Since the original cell had 4 chromosomes, each daughter cell also has 4 chromosomes — identical in genetic content. They enter interphase and are ready to grow or divide again.
---
✔ Summary Table for Quick Review:
| Stage | Key Events |
|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Interphase | Chromosomes uncondensed; cell grows, DNA replicates |
| Prophase | Chromosomes condense; spindle forms; nucleus breaks down |
| Metaphase | Chromosomes align at equator; spindle attached |
| Anaphase | Sister chromatids separate to opposite poles |
| Telophase | Chromosomes decondense; nuclei reform; cell begins to pinch (cytokinesis) |
| Daughter Cells | Genetically identical to parent; same chromosome number (4) |
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Let me know if you’d like a printable version or flashcards for studying!
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of cell division worksheet pdf.
![Cell Division [Worksheet & Answer Key] by Teacher In the Six | TPT](/images2/cell-division-worksheet-pdf/cell-division-worksheet-pdf-24.jpg)
