Final Answer:
a) Br₂, FeBr₃
b) CH₃Cl, AlCl₃; then HNO₃, H₂SO₄; then Sn, HCl; then NaNO₂, HCl; then H₂O, heat
c) F₂ is not used directly — use Cl₂, then replace with F via Hunsdiecker or Balz-Schiemann (advanced); simpler: no direct substitution, so likely not standard
d) Cl₂, FeCl₃; then CN⁻ (via Sandmeyer or CuCN after diazotization)
e) Br₂, FeBr₃; then HNO₃, H₂SO₄; then Sn, HCl; then NaNO₂, HCl; then HBF₄, heat (Schiemann)
f) CH₃CH₂COCl, base (like pyridine or NaOH)
g) CH₃Cl, AlCl₃; then Cl₂, FeCl₃; then HNO₃, H₂SO₄; then Sn, HCl; then NaNO₂, HCl; then H₂O, heat
h) HNO₃, H₂SO₄; then Sn, HCl; then NaNO₂, HCl; then H₂O, heat (for first OH); repeat for second OH? Not practical — better: direct hydroxylation not easy; maybe use sulfonation + fusion
i) CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂Cl, AlCl₃; then CN⁻ via diazotization + CuCN
j) CH₃Cl, AlCl₃; then HNO₃, H₂SO₄; then Sn, HCl; then NaNO₂, HCl; then HBF₄, heat
k) CH₃Cl, AlCl₃; then KMnO₄, H⁺; then Cl₂, FeCl₃
l) CH₃Cl, AlCl₃; then KMnO₄, H⁺; then HNO₃, H₂SO₄; then Sn, HCl; then NaNO₂, HCl; then H₂O, heat
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Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of chemistry practice problems.
