Chemistry worksheet analyzing mass ratios of carbon and oxygen in two compounds, comparing hypotheses about atomic mass and requiring particle diagrams.

a. Determine the value of the ratio O/C in each compound.
A: 57.1 g O / 42.9 g C = 1.33
B: 72.7 g O / 27.3 g C = 2.66

b. How does the mass ratio for compound B compare to that in compound A?
The mass ratio of O to C in compound B (2.66) is exactly twice the mass ratio in compound A (1.33).

c. Express these ratios as improper fractions.
A: 1.33 = 4/3
B: 2.66 = 8/3

d. For each hypothesis, sketch particle diagrams for the compounds of A and B that account for these mass ratios. Write the formula for the compound in each diagram.

Hypothesis 1: Atoms of C and O have the same mass
- A: Diagram shows 3 carbon atoms and 4 oxygen atoms. Formula: C₃O₄
- B: Diagram shows 3 carbon atoms and 8 oxygen atoms. Formula: C₃O₈

Hypothesis 2: Atoms of O are heavier than C atoms by the ratio in compound A
- A: Diagram shows 1 carbon atom and 1 oxygen atom. Formula: CO
- B: Diagram shows 1 carbon atom and 2 oxygen atoms. Formula: CO₂