Let's solve the worksheet step by step.
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1) Naming Ionic Compounds
We need to name each ionic compound. For transition metals (marked with *), we must include the oxidation state (valency) in Roman numerals.
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a) NaOH
- Sodium (Na⁺) and hydroxide (OH⁻)
- Name:
Sodium hydroxide
b) Ca₃(PO₄)₂
- Calcium (Ca²⁺) and phosphate (PO₄³⁻)
- The charges balance: 3×(+2) = +6, 2×(-3) = -6
- Name:
Calcium phosphate
c) MgO
- Magnesium (Mg²⁺) and oxygen (O²⁻)
- Name:
Magnesium oxide
d) Al₂S₃
- Aluminum (Al³⁺) and sulfide (S²⁻)
- Charges: 2×(+3) = +6, 3×(-2) = -6 → balanced
- Name:
Aluminum sulfide
e) K₂CO₃
- Potassium (K⁺) and carbonate (CO₃²⁻)
- Name:
Potassium carbonate
f) Li₂SO₃
- Lithium (Li⁺) and sulfite (SO₃²⁻)
- Name:
Lithium sulfite
g) BaCl₂
- Barium (Ba²⁺) and chloride (Cl⁻)
- Name:
Barium chloride
h) NH₄Cl
- Ammonium (NH₄⁺) and chloride (Cl⁻)
- Name:
Ammonium chloride
i) *FeP
- Iron (transition metal) and phosphide (P³⁻)
- Let’s find the charge of Fe:
- P is -3, so Fe must be +3 to balance.
- So iron is in +3 oxidation state.
- Name:
Iron(III) phosphide
j) *CuSO₄
- Copper (transition metal) and sulfate (SO₄²⁻)
- SO₄²⁻ has -2 charge, so Cu must be +2
- Name:
Copper(II) sulfate
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2) Naming Covalent Compounds and Common Acids
For covalent compounds, use prefixes (mono-, di-, tri-, etc.) and suffixes like "-ide". For acids, follow naming rules based on anion.
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a) SO₃
- Sulfur trioxide (SO₂ is sulfur dioxide, SO₃ is sulfur trioxide)
- Name:
Sulfur trioxide
b) H₂SO₄
- This is a common acid; contains hydrogen and sulfate
- Sulfate ion (SO₄²⁻) → acid name:
Sulfuric acid
c) NH₃
- Nitrogen and hydrogen; common name is ammonia
- Name:
Ammonia
d) CO
- Carbon monoxide (one carbon, one oxygen)
- Name:
Carbon monoxide
e) CCl₄
- Carbon tetrachloride (four chlorines)
- Name:
Carbon tetrachloride
f) CH₃COOH
- This is acetic acid (common organic acid)
- Name:
Acetic acid
g) H₂O
- Water (common name)
- Name:
Water
h) CH₄
- Methane (simplest hydrocarbon)
- Name:
Methane
i) H₃PO₄
- Phosphoric acid (hydrogen and phosphate)
- Name:
Phosphoric acid
j) NO₂
- Nitrogen dioxide (one nitrogen, two oxygens)
- Name:
Nitrogen dioxide
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✔ Final Answers:
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1) Ionic Compounds
a) Sodium hydroxide
b) Calcium phosphate
c) Magnesium oxide
d) Aluminum sulfide
e) Potassium carbonate
f) Lithium sulfite
g) Barium chloride
h) Ammonium chloride
i) Iron(III) phosphide
j) Copper(II) sulfate
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2) Covalent Compounds / Acids
a) Sulfur trioxide
b) Sulfuric acid
c) Ammonia
d) Carbon monoxide
e) Carbon tetrachloride
f) Acetic acid
g) Water
h) Methane
i) Phosphoric acid
j) Nitrogen dioxide
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Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of chemistry worksheet on naming and writing compounds.
