Ants can carry between 10% and 50% of their body weight; inequality for a 5.0 mg ant.

We are given that:

- An ant weighs 5.0 mg.
- Ants can carry between 10% and 50% of their body weight, inclusive.

We are to write an inequality that represents the amount of weight the ant can carry.

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Step 1: Find 10% and 50% of the ant’s body weight

The ant's weight = 5.0 mg

- 10% of 5.0 mg = $ 0.10 \times 5.0 = 0.5 $ mg
- 50% of 5.0 mg = $ 0.50 \times 5.0 = 2.5 $ mg

So, the ant can carry at least 0.5 mg and at most 2.5 mg.

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Step 2: Let $ w $ represent the weight the ant can carry

Then the inequality is:

$$
0.5 \leq w \leq 2.5
$$

This means the weight $ w $ the ant can carry is greater than or equal to 0.5 mg and less than or equal to 2.5 mg.

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Final Answer:

$$
\boxed{0.5 \leq w \leq 2.5}
$$

This inequality represents the amount of weight the ant can carry.