Convection current worksheet - Free Printable

Problem Analysis:

The task consists of two parts:
1. Matching words to definitions.
2. Labeling a diagram related to convection currents in the Earth's mantle.

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Part 1: Matching Words to Definitions

#### Words:
1. Convection
2. Thermal Energy
3. Dense
4. Mantle
5. Convection Current

#### Definitions:
A. A material with its particles close together
B. The circulation of warm and cold fluid due to convection
C. The transfer of thermal energy by moving particles
D. Another name for heat energy
E. The layer of Earth below the crust and above the core where convection takes place

#### Solution:
- 1. Convection: This refers to the process of heat transfer through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases). It matches with C. The transfer of thermal energy by moving particles.
- 2. Thermal Energy: This is another term for heat energy, which matches with D. Another name for heat energy.
- 3. Dense: This describes a material with particles closely packed together, matching with A. A material with its particles close together.
- 4. Mantle: This is the layer of Earth located between the crust and the core, where convection occurs. It matches with E. The layer of Earth below the crust and above the core where convection takes place.
- 5. Convection Current: This refers to the circulation of warm and cold fluids caused by convection. It matches with B. The circulation of warm and cold fluid due to convection.

#### Final Match:
1. Convection → C
2. Thermal Energy → D
3. Dense → A
4. Mantle → E
5. Convection Current → B

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Part 2: Labeling the Diagram

#### Diagram Description:
The diagram shows the Earth's interior with the mantle and core labeled. There are arrows indicating the movement of materials within the mantle, representing convection currents. The task is to label the diagram using the provided terms:
- Convection Current
- Moving toward
- Moving apart
- Expands and rises
- Cools and sinks

#### Solution:
1. Convection Current: The circular arrows in the mantle represent the convection current. Label the entire circular motion as "Convection Current."
2. Moving toward: The arrows pointing inward at the top of the mantle indicate materials moving toward each other. Label these arrows as "Moving toward."
3. Moving apart: The arrows pointing outward at the bottom of the mantle indicate materials moving away from each other. Label these arrows as "Moving apart."
4. Expands and rises: The red arrows near the bottom of the mantle show materials expanding and rising due to heating. Label these arrows as "Expands and rises."
5. Cools and sinks: The red arrows near the top of the mantle show materials cooling and sinking due to densification. Label these arrows as "Cools and sinks."

#### Final Labels:
- The circular motion in the mantle: Convection Current
- Arrows pointing inward at the top: Moving toward
- Arrows pointing outward at the bottom: Moving apart
- Arrows near the bottom rising: Expands and rises
- Arrows near the top sinking: Cools and sinks

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Final Answer:

1. Matching Words to Definitions:
- 1. Convection → C
- 2. Thermal Energy → D
- 3. Dense → A
- 4. Mantle → E
- 5. Convection Current → B

2. Labeling the Diagram:
- Circular motion: Convection Current
- Inward arrows at the top: Moving toward
- Outward arrows at the bottom: Moving apart
- Rising arrows near the bottom: Expands and rises
- Sinking arrows near the top: Cools and sinks

Boxed Final Answer:
\[
\boxed{
\text{1. Convection → C, 2. Thermal Energy → D, 3. Dense → A, 4. Mantle → E, 5. Convection Current → B}
}
\]