Identifying Covalent Compounds worksheet for chemistry practice.

Let's solve this step-by-step. The worksheet is about identifying covalent compounds, which involves writing formulas from names and naming compounds from formulas.

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🔹 Part 1: Write the formulas for these covalent compounds

Covalent compounds are formed between nonmetals. Their formulas are based on prefixes (mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-, deca-) that indicate the number of atoms.

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1) Ammonia
- Nitrogen and hydrogen; common name for NH₃
✔ NH₃

2) Ethane
- Hydrocarbon with 2 carbon atoms, saturated (alkane): C₂H₆
✔ C₂H₆

3) Phosphorus pentachloride
- "Penta" = 5 chlorides → PCl₅
✔ PCl₅

4) Nitrogen dioxide
- "Di" = 2 oxygen atoms → NO₂
✔ NO₂

5) Diphosphorus trioxide
- "Di" = 2 phosphorus, "tri" = 3 oxygen → P₂O₃
✔ P₂O₃

6) Chlorine trifluoride
- "Tri" = 3 fluorines → ClF₃
✔ ClF₃

7) Sulfur hexafluoride
- "Hexa" = 6 fluorines → SF₆
✔ SF₆

8) Arsenic trioxide
- "Tri" = 3 oxygen → As₂O₃ (arsenic typically forms As₂O₃ or As₂O₅; here it’s trioxide, so As₂O₃)
✔ As₂O₃

9) Sulfur trioxide
- "Tri" = 3 oxygen → SO₃
✔ SO₃

10) Nitrous oxide
- Common name for N₂O (not to be confused with nitrogen dioxide)
✔ N₂O

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✔ Part 1 Answers:

1. NH₃
2. C₂H₆
3. PCl₅
4. NO₂
5. P₂O₃
6. ClF₃
7. SF₆
8. As₂O₃
9. SO₃
10. N₂O

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🔹 Part 2: Identify and write the names of these covalent compounds

Now we reverse: given a formula, name the compound using prefixes.

1) CO
- Carbon monoxide (mono- prefix used for one oxygen)
✔ Carbon monoxide

2) CF₄
- Carbon and four fluorines → carbon tetrafluoride
✔ Carbon tetrafluoride

3) BCl₃
- Boron trichloride
✔ Boron trichloride

4) C₂H₅OH
- This is ethanol (common name), but as a covalent compound, it’s often named systematically as ethyl alcohol. However, in basic covalent nomenclature, it’s usually accepted as ethanol. But technically, since it has an OH group, it's not purely a binary covalent compound — still, it's commonly known as ethanol.
✔ Ethanol *(Note: Not strictly a simple binary covalent compound, but widely recognized)*

5) H₂O₂
- Hydrogen peroxide (special name; not just "dihydrogen dioxide")
✔ Hydrogen peroxide

6) SO₃
- Sulfur trioxide
✔ Sulfur trioxide

7) N₂O₅
- Dinitrogen pentoxide ("di" for two nitrogens, "penta" for five oxygens)
✔ Dinitrogen pentoxide

8) BrF₅
- Bromine pentafluoride
✔ Bromine pentafluoride

9) GeS₂
- Germanium disulfide (Ge = germanium, S = sulfur, two sulfurs → "di")
✔ Germanium disulfide

10) HCl
- Hydrogen chloride (binary compound; no prefix needed for H, but "chloride" indicates Cl)
✔ Hydrogen chloride

> Note: In aqueous solution, it’s hydrochloric acid, but here it's the pure compound → hydrogen chloride

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✔ Part 2 Answers:

1. Carbon monoxide
2. Carbon tetrafluoride
3. Boron trichloride
4. Ethanol
5. Hydrogen peroxide
6. Sulfur trioxide
7. Dinitrogen pentoxide
8. Bromine pentafluoride
9. Germanium disulfide
10. Hydrogen chloride

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📝 Final Answer Summary:

#### Part 1 – Formulas:
1. NH₃
2. C₂H₆
3. PCl₅
4. NO₂
5. P₂O₃
6. ClF₃
7. SF₆
8. As₂O₃
9. SO₃
10. N₂O

#### Part 2 – Names:
1. Carbon monoxide
2. Carbon tetrafluoride
3. Boron trichloride
4. Ethanol
5. Hydrogen peroxide
6. Sulfur trioxide
7. Dinitrogen pentoxide
8. Bromine pentafluoride
9. Germanium disulfide
10. Hydrogen chloride

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