Homework worksheet for calculating density, featuring graduated cylinder volume readings and practice problems.

Let’s solve this step by step.

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## Part 1: Reading Volumes from Graduated Cylinders

To read a graduated cylinder correctly, you must look at the bottom of the meniscus (the curved surface of the liquid) at eye level. The scale is marked in mL, and we need to interpolate between the lines if necessary.

Here are the readings for each cylinder:

Top Row (Left to Right):

1. Cylinder 1: Between 16 and 17. The meniscus is halfway → 16.5 mL
2. Cylinder 2: Between 40 and 50. Each line = 2 mL? Wait — let's count: from 40 to 50, there are 5 major lines → so each is 2 mL. Meniscus is at 48 → 48.0 mL
3. Cylinder 3: Between 8 and 10. Lines at 7,8,9,10. Meniscus just below 9 → 8.9 mL
4. Cylinder 4: Between 20 and 30. Each line = 2 mL. Meniscus at 28 → 28.0 mL
5. Cylinder 5: Between 33 and 34. Meniscus at 33.8 → 33.8 mL

Bottom Row (Left to Right):

6. Cylinder 6: Between 22 and 25. Each line = 1 mL. Meniscus at 24.5 → 24.5 mL
7. Cylinder 7: Between 29 and 30. Meniscus at 29.6 → 29.6 mL
8. Cylinder 8: Between 10 and 20. Each line = 2 mL. Meniscus at 18 → 18.0 mL
9. Cylinder 9: Between 11 and 14. Each line = 1 mL. Meniscus at 13.4 → 13.4 mL
10. Cylinder 10: Between 60 and 70. Each line = 2 mL. Meniscus at 68 → 68.0 mL

✔ Final Volume Readings:

- 16.5 mL
- 48.0 mL
- 8.9 mL
- 28.0 mL
- 33.8 mL
- 24.5 mL
- 29.6 mL
- 18.0 mL
- 13.4 mL
- 68.0 mL

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## Part 2: Density Equation & Units

You’re given:

> Density Equation: D = Mass / Volume
> Units of density: g/mL or g/cm³

✔️ This is correct. Since 1 mL = 1 cm³, the units are interchangeable.

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## Part 3: Density Problems

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Problem 1:

> What is the density of a liquid at 25°C that has a mass of 4.5 grams and a volume of 12.0 milliliters?

Formula:
D = Mass / Volume
D = 4.5 g / 12.0 mL

Calculation:
D = 0.375 g/mL

✔ Answer: 0.375 g/mL

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Problem 2:

> A student is doing a lab over the rock cycle... density of the rock is 4.5 g/cm³, volume is 8 cm³. Calculate the mass.

Formula:
D = Mass / Volume → rearrange → Mass = D × Volume

Mass = 4.5 g/cm³ × 8 cm³
Mass = 36 g

✔ Answer: 36 grams

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Problem 3:

> What is the density of marble that has a mass of 4.3 g and a volume of 2.7 cm³?

Formula:
D = Mass / Volume
D = 4.3 g / 2.7 cm³

Calculation:
D ≈ 1.5926 g/cm³ → Round to 2 decimal places → 1.59 g/cm³

✔ Answer: 1.59 g/cm³

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## ✔ Final Answers Summary:

Graduated Cylinder Volumes:

1. 16.5 mL
2. 48.0 mL
3. 8.9 mL
4. 28.0 mL
5. 33.8 mL
6. 24.5 mL
7. 29.6 mL
8. 18.0 mL
9. 13.4 mL
10. 68.0 mL

Density Problems:

1. 0.375 g/mL
2. 36 g
3. 1.59 g/cm³

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