Here are the correct answers to fill in the blanks for your DNA Replication worksheet, based on the word bank provided.
1.
DNA polymerases
*(These enzymes do the main work of building new DNA and checking for errors.)*
2.
Topoisomerase
*(This enzyme relieves the tension and twisting ahead of the replication fork.)*
3.
Primase
*(This enzyme builds the RNA starter sequence needed for replication to begin.)*
4.
Primers
*(Short sequences that provide a starting point for DNA synthesis.)*
5.
Single-stranded DNA binding proteins
*(These hold the separated strands apart so they don't snap back together.)*
6.
DNA polymerase III
*(The main enzyme that builds the leading strand continuously.)*
7.
DNA ligase
*(Acts like glue to join the Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.)*
8.
DNA polymerase I
*(Removes the RNA primers and fills the gaps with actual DNA.)*
9.
DNA polymerase II
*(Has proofreading abilities but isn't the main builder in chromosomal replication.)*
10.
Leading strand
*(The strand synthesized continuously in the 5' to 3' direction.)*
11.
Lagging strand
*(The strand synthesized discontinuously away from the replication fork.)*
12.
Okazaki fragments;
DNA ligase
*(The short chunks of DNA on the lagging strand are called Okazaki fragments, and ligase joins them.)*
13.
Helicase
*(The "unzipping" enzyme that separates the double helix.)*
14.
Proofreading
*(The immediate correction of errors by polymerase during synthesis.)*
15.
Mismatch repair
*(A separate system that fixes errors missed during initial replication.)*
16.
Exonucleases
*(Enzymes that chew up or remove nucleotides from the ends of DNA strands.)*
17.
Polymerase chain reaction
*(Also known as PCR, this is the lab technique used to copy DNA.)*
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of dna rna and replication worksheet.
