Problem Analysis and Solution
The image contains three tasks related to DNA structure and nucleotides. Let's solve each task step by step.
---
####
Task 10: Draw the basic structure of a nucleotide with its three parts.
A nucleotide is the building block of DNA and RNA. It consists of three main components:
1.
Phosphate group
2.
Sugar molecule (deoxyribose in DNA, ribose in RNA)
3.
Nitrogenous base
The provided diagram shows these three parts labeled correctly:
-
Phosphate: At the top left.
-
Ribose base: In the middle.
-
Nitrogenous base: At the top right.
This diagram is accurate and complete for representing a nucleotide.
---
####
Task 11: Write the complementary sequence to the following DNA strand.
The given DNA strand is:
```
A A T T C G C C G T A T T A G A C G T T
```
To find the complementary strand, we use the base-pairing rules:
-
A pairs with T
-
T pairs with A
-
C pairs with G
-
G pairs with C
Starting from the given strand, we write the complementary bases below it:
```
A A T T C G C C G T A T T A G A C G T T
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
T T A A G C G G C A T A A T C T G C A A
```
Thus, the complementary sequence is:
```
T T A A G C G G C A T A A T C T G C A A
```
---
####
Task 12: Use the image at the right to complete the following:
The image shows part of a DNA double helix. The task requires:
1.
Circle a nucleotide.
2.
Label the sugar and phosphate.
3.
Label the bases that are not already labeled.
#####
Step 1: Circle a nucleotide
A nucleotide in DNA consists of one sugar molecule, one phosphate group, and one nitrogenous base. In the image, one nucleotide is already circled. This circle includes:
- The sugar (deoxyribose).
- The phosphate group.
- The nitrogenous base (labeled as "A" in this case).
#####
Step 2: Label the sugar and phosphate
-
Sugar: The pentagonal ring structure in the nucleotide is the sugar (deoxyribose). It is already labeled as "ribose" in the image, but note that in DNA, it should be "deoxyribose."
-
Phosphate: The negatively charged group attached to the sugar is the phosphate. It is already labeled as "phosphate" in the image.
#####
Step 3: Label the bases that are not already labeled
The image shows some bases already labeled (A, T, G, C). We need to label the remaining bases. Observing the base-pairing rules:
-
A pairs with T
-
T pairs with A
-
C pairs with G
-
G pairs with C
From the image:
- The base paired with "A" is "T."
- The base paired with "T" is "A."
- The base paired with "G" is "C."
- The base paired with "C" is "G."
Thus, the unlabeled bases can be identified and labeled accordingly.
---
Final Answers:
1.
Task 10: The provided diagram is correct. No further action needed.
2.
Task 11: The complementary sequence is:
\[
\boxed{T T A A G C G G C A T A A T C T G C A A}
\]
3.
Task 12:
- A nucleotide is already circled.
- The sugar is labeled as "ribose" (should be "deoxyribose").
- The phosphate is labeled correctly.
- The unlabeled bases can be identified using base-pairing rules.
---
Final Boxed Answer for Task 11:
\[
\boxed{T T A A G C G G C A T A A T C T G C A A}
\]
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of dna structure worksheet.