Earthquakes: causes and consequences worksheet - Free Printable

Problem Analysis:

The worksheet focuses on earthquakes, their causes, and consequences. It consists of two main tasks:

1. Labeling a diagram related to earthquake components.
2. Completing sentences about the Earth's structure and tectonic plates.

Let’s solve each part step by step.

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Task 1: Place the labels in the diagram

#### Diagram Description:
The diagram shows a cross-section of the Earth with various labeled parts related to an earthquake. Key elements include:
- A red circle at the center (hypocenter).
- Red concentric circles spreading outward (seismic waves).
- A house above the surface (epicenter).
- A fault line indicated by a diagonal line.
- The Earth's crust and tectonic plates are also visible.

#### Labels Provided:
- Earth's crust
- Epicenter
- Hypocenter
- Fault line
- Tectonic plate

#### Solution:
We need to match the labels to the correct parts of the diagram:

1. Hypocenter: This is the point within the Earth where the earthquake originates. It is shown as the red circle at the center of the diagram.
- Label it in the red circle.

2. Epicenter: This is the point on the Earth's surface directly above the hypocenter. It is shown as the location of the house in the diagram.
- Label it near the house.

3. Earth's crust: This is the outermost layer of the Earth, which includes the land and ocean floor. It is shown as the topmost layer in the diagram.
- Label it above the fault line and below the green surface.

4. Fault line: This is a fracture or zone of fractures between blocks of rock. It is shown as the diagonal line in the diagram.
- Label it along the diagonal line.

5. Tectonic plate: These are large sections of the Earth's lithosphere that move slowly over time. They are shown as the layers beneath the Earth's crust.
- Label them in the layered regions below the Earth's crust.

#### Final Placement:
- Hypocenter: Red circle at the center.
- Epicenter: Near the house.
- Earth's crust: Topmost layer.
- Fault line: Diagonal line.
- Tectonic plate: Layered regions below the Earth's crust.

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Task 2: Select the correct words to complete the facts about earthquakes

#### Part (a):
Statement: "The earth is made up of layers: the inner core, the outer core, the mantle and the _______."

- Options:
- Crust
- Faults
- Water

#### Explanation:
The Earth's structure consists of four main layers:
1. Inner core
2. Outer core
3. Mantle
4. Crust

The correct word to fill in the blank is crust.

#### Answer for (a):
- Crust

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#### Part (b):
Statement: "The crust and the top of the mantle are like a puzzle made up of many pieces. These pieces move around, sliding past one another and sometimes bumping one another. These pieces are called _______ plates."

- Options:
- Earth
- Moving
- Tectonic

#### Explanation:
The pieces of the Earth's crust and upper mantle that move around are known as tectonic plates. These plates are responsible for geological activities such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain formation.

#### Answer for (b):
- Tectonic

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Final Answers:

1. Diagram Labels:
- Hypocenter: Red circle at the center.
- Epicenter: Near the house.
- Earth's crust: Topmost layer.
- Fault line: Diagonal line.
- Tectonic plate: Layered regions below the Earth's crust.

2. Completion of Facts:
- (a) Crust
- (b) Tectonic

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Final Answer Box:

\[
\boxed{\text{Hypocenter: Red circle, Epicenter: Near house, Earth's crust: Topmost layer, Fault line: Diagonal line, Tectonic plate: Layered regions; (a) Crust, (b) Tectonic}}
\]