Earths Layers | CK-12 Foundation - Free Printable
Educational worksheet: Earths Layers | CK-12 Foundation. Download and print for classroom or home learning activities.
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Step-by-step solution for: Earths Layers | CK-12 Foundation
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Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: Earths Layers | CK-12 Foundation
The image provided is a cross-sectional diagram of the Earth, showing its various layers. The task appears to involve identifying and explaining the different layers labeled in the diagram. Let's break it down step by step:
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The diagram shows a vertical cross-section of the Earth, with different layers labeled. Here are the key components:
- Surface Features: The top part of the diagram shows the Earth's surface, including land (crust) and water (oceans).
- Layers: Below the surface, the Earth is divided into several distinct layers, each with unique properties.
---
The layers are numbered as follows:
1. Layer 5: This is the crust, which is the outermost solid layer of the Earth. It is relatively thin compared to other layers, ranging from about 5–70 km thick.
2. Layer 6: This is the mantle, which lies beneath the crust. It extends to a depth of about 2900 km. The mantle is divided into the upper mantle and lower mantle, with varying properties.
3. Layer 7: This is the core, which is further divided into two parts:
- Outer Core: A liquid layer extending from 2900 km to 5100 km below the Earth's surface.
- Inner Core: A solid layer at the very center of the Earth, starting at 5100 km below the surface.
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#### Layer 5: Crust
- Composition: Primarily composed of silicate rocks, such as granite and basalt.
- Characteristics: The crust is the thinnest layer and varies in thickness between continents (thicker) and oceanic regions (thinner).
- Role: It supports life on Earth and contains most of the Earth's geological features, such as mountains, valleys, and oceans.
#### Layer 6: Mantle
- Composition: Primarily composed of silicate rocks rich in iron and magnesium.
- Characteristics: The mantle is much thicker than the crust and is divided into the upper mantle and lower mantle. The upper mantle is partially molten, allowing tectonic plates to move.
- Role: The mantle plays a crucial role in plate tectonics and volcanic activity. Convection currents in the mantle drive the movement of tectonic plates.
#### Layer 7: Core
- Outer Core:
- Composition: Primarily composed of iron and nickel in a liquid state.
- Characteristics: The outer core is highly conductive and is responsible for generating the Earth's magnetic field through the dynamo effect.
- Inner Core:
- Composition: Also composed mainly of iron and nickel but in a solid state due to extreme pressure.
- Characteristics: The inner core is extremely hot (around 5,400°C) but remains solid because of the immense pressure.
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Based on the diagram and the labels:
- Layer 5: Crust
- Layer 6: Mantle
- Layer 7: Core
Thus, the solution is:
\[
\boxed{5: \text{Crust}, 6: \text{Mantle}, 7: \text{Core}}
\]
This explanation provides a clear understanding of the Earth's internal structure and the roles of each layer.
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Step 1: Understanding the Diagram
The diagram shows a vertical cross-section of the Earth, with different layers labeled. Here are the key components:
- Surface Features: The top part of the diagram shows the Earth's surface, including land (crust) and water (oceans).
- Layers: Below the surface, the Earth is divided into several distinct layers, each with unique properties.
---
Step 2: Identifying the Layers
The layers are numbered as follows:
1. Layer 5: This is the crust, which is the outermost solid layer of the Earth. It is relatively thin compared to other layers, ranging from about 5–70 km thick.
2. Layer 6: This is the mantle, which lies beneath the crust. It extends to a depth of about 2900 km. The mantle is divided into the upper mantle and lower mantle, with varying properties.
3. Layer 7: This is the core, which is further divided into two parts:
- Outer Core: A liquid layer extending from 2900 km to 5100 km below the Earth's surface.
- Inner Core: A solid layer at the very center of the Earth, starting at 5100 km below the surface.
---
Step 3: Explanation of Each Layer
#### Layer 5: Crust
- Composition: Primarily composed of silicate rocks, such as granite and basalt.
- Characteristics: The crust is the thinnest layer and varies in thickness between continents (thicker) and oceanic regions (thinner).
- Role: It supports life on Earth and contains most of the Earth's geological features, such as mountains, valleys, and oceans.
#### Layer 6: Mantle
- Composition: Primarily composed of silicate rocks rich in iron and magnesium.
- Characteristics: The mantle is much thicker than the crust and is divided into the upper mantle and lower mantle. The upper mantle is partially molten, allowing tectonic plates to move.
- Role: The mantle plays a crucial role in plate tectonics and volcanic activity. Convection currents in the mantle drive the movement of tectonic plates.
#### Layer 7: Core
- Outer Core:
- Composition: Primarily composed of iron and nickel in a liquid state.
- Characteristics: The outer core is highly conductive and is responsible for generating the Earth's magnetic field through the dynamo effect.
- Inner Core:
- Composition: Also composed mainly of iron and nickel but in a solid state due to extreme pressure.
- Characteristics: The inner core is extremely hot (around 5,400°C) but remains solid because of the immense pressure.
---
Step 4: Final Answer
Based on the diagram and the labels:
- Layer 5: Crust
- Layer 6: Mantle
- Layer 7: Core
Thus, the solution is:
\[
\boxed{5: \text{Crust}, 6: \text{Mantle}, 7: \text{Core}}
\]
This explanation provides a clear understanding of the Earth's internal structure and the roles of each layer.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of earths interior worksheet.
