I'll work through this electrical circuits worksheet step by step, solving each question carefully.
Question 1 - Fill in the blanks:
- Electric potential at a location is the amount of
potential energy per unit charge at that location
- The location of highest potential within a circuit is at the
+ (positive) terminal of the battery
- As charge moves through the external circuit from the
+ to the - terminal, the charge loses potential energy
- As charge moves through the battery, it gains potential energy
- The difference in electric potential between any two locations is known as the
voltage or
potential difference, represented by the symbol
V or
ΔV
- The rate at which charge moves past any point along the circuit is known as the
current and is expressed with the unit
Ampere (A)
Question 2:
Looking at the diagram, points A, B, C, and D are labeled. Point D is at the negative terminal of the battery. Since the negative terminal has the lowest potential energy, charges at point D possess 0 J of potential energy.
Answer: D
Question 3:
The overall effect of this circuit (a car rear defroster connected to a 12-Volt car battery):
- The battery provides chemical energy
- This is converted to electrical energy
- The defroster converts electrical energy to thermal (heat) energy
So the answer is:
chemical → thermal
Answer: d. chemical, thermal
Question 4:
Point A is at the positive terminal (+), and point B is also at the positive side after the current leaves the battery but before going through the resistor. In an ideal wire with no resistance, there's no voltage drop, so the potential energy at A is approximately equal to the potential energy at B.
Answer: c. approximately equal to
Question 5:
A + charge gains potential energy when it moves through the battery from the negative terminal to the positive terminal. Looking at the diagram:
- From D to A: moves through battery from - to +, GAINS energy
- From C to D: moves through battery from - to +, GAINS energy
Answer: c. C and D (or possibly d. D and A depending on interpretation, but C to D goes through the battery gaining energy)
Actually, let me reconsider. Looking more carefully at the diagram:
- D is at the negative terminal
- A is at the positive terminal
- B is after leaving the positive terminal
- C is before entering the negative terminal
A + charge gains potential energy moving from D to A (through the battery). It also gains energy moving from C to D (through the battery).
Answer: c. C and D
Question 6:
A + charge loses potential energy when it moves through the external circuit (the resistor/defroster). This happens when moving from the positive side to the negative side through the load.
From B to C: moves through the resistor, LOSES energy
Answer: b. B and C
Question 7:
The rate at which energy is delivered to a circuit by the energy source or consumed by an electrical device is known as
power.
Answer: d. power
Question 8:
The unit of electric power is the
Watt.
Answer: c. Watt
Question 9:
Power = Work / Time or Power = Energy / Time
In terms of an equation:
Power = Energy / Time
(Numerator: Energy, Denominator: Time)
Calculations for parts a-d:
Using the formula: Energy = Power × Time
a. 60-Watt light bulb for 1 hour (3600 s):
Energy = 60 W × 3600 s = 216,000 J
b. 60-Watt light bulb for 4 hours:
Time = 4 hours = 4 × 3600 s = 14,400 s
Energy = 60 W × 14,400 s = 864,000 J
c. 1500-Watt hair dryer for 5 min (300 s):
Energy = 1500 W × 300 s = 450,000 J
d. 120-Watt fan for a day:
Time = 1 day = 24 hours = 24 × 3600 s = 86,400 s
Energy = 120 W × 86,400 s = 10,368,000 J
Let me verify these calculations:
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of electricity and why it moves worksheet answers.
