Let’s solve this step by step.
---
Part 1: Purification of Metals (Copper)
In the purification of copper using electrolysis:
- The
anode is made of
impure copper. During electrolysis, copper from the anode dissolves into the solution as Cu²⁺ ions. Impurities fall to the bottom as “anode mud”.
- The
cathode is made of
pure copper. Copper ions from the solution are deposited here as pure metal.
- The
electrolyte is
copper(II) sulphate solution, which provides the Cu²⁺ ions needed for the process.
- The
positive terminal (+) of the battery connects to the
anode.
- The
negative terminal (-) connects to the
cathode.
So, labeling the diagram:
→ Top left box (connected to anode):
+
→ Top right box (connected to cathode):
-
→ Left label pointing to brown electrode (anode):
Impure metal
→ Right label pointing to orange electrode (cathode):
Pure metal
→ Bottom right label pointing to blue liquid:
Copper(II) sulphate solution
---
Part 2: Electroplating of Metals
In electroplating:
- The
object to be plated is connected to the
cathode (negative terminal), so that metal ions deposit onto it.
- The
plating metal (the metal you want to coat with) is the
anode (positive terminal). It dissolves to supply metal ions.
- The
electrolyte contains ions of the plating metal — here,
copper(II) sulphate solution.
- The
ammeter measures current; the
rheostat controls it.
Labeling the second diagram:
→ Left box (pointing to yellow rod in solution):
Plating metal
→ Right top box (pointing to grey spoon-like object):
Object to be electroplated
→ Right bottom box (pointing to blue liquid):
Copper(II) sulphate solution
→ Top boxes near battery:
Left (connected to plating metal/anode):
+
Right (connected to object/cathode):
-
---
Purpose of electroplating metals:
Electroplating is done to:
1. Protect the object from rust or corrosion (e.g., coating iron with zinc or chromium).
2. Make the object look shiny and attractive (e.g., silver-plated cutlery or gold-plated jewelry).
---
Final Answer:
Part 1 – Purification of Metals:
- Anode side (top box):
+
- Cathode side (top box):
-
- Label next to anode (brown electrode):
Impure metal
- Label next to cathode (orange electrode):
Pure metal
- Label pointing to solution:
Copper(II) sulphate solution
Part 2 – Electroplating of Metals:
- Left box (yellow rod):
Plating metal
- Right top box (spoon):
Object to be electroplated
- Right bottom box (liquid):
Copper(II) sulphate solution
- Battery terminals:
Left (to plating metal):
+
Right (to object):
-
Purpose of electroplating:
- To protect metals from corrosion.
- To make objects look more attractive or shiny.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of electrolysis worksheet.
