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To solve the problem, we need to classify each statement into one of the three categories: Weathering, Erosion, or Deposition. Let's go through each statement and determine its category based on the definitions provided:

Definitions Recap:

- Weathering: Rocks (or other exposed objects) are broken down into smaller pieces over time.
- Erosion: The particles are moved from their original place, usually by wind and water.
- Deposition: The particles find a new resting place.

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Classification of Statements:

#### Weathering
1. Water between cracks in a rock freezes and expands, making the cracks larger.
- Explanation: This is an example of frost weathering where freezing water causes rocks to break apart.
- Category: Weathering

2. Rocks break from the growing roots of a tree.
- Explanation: This is an example of biological weathering where plant roots physically break rocks apart as they grow.
- Category: Weathering

3. Acid rain dissolves limestone.
- Explanation: This is an example of chemical weathering where acid rain reacts with limestone, causing it to dissolve.
- Category: Weathering

4. Wind carves arches in rock formations.
- Explanation: This is an example of wind abrasion, which is a form of physical weathering where wind carries particles that scrape against rocks.
- Category: Weathering

5. Rocks trapped in glaciers scrape against other rocks.
- Explanation: This is an example of glacial abrasion, which is a form of physical weathering where rocks carried by glaciers scrape against other surfaces.
- Category: Weathering

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#### Erosion
1. A rock frozen in a glacier is slowly carried away.
- Explanation: Glaciers move and carry rocks with them, transporting them from their original location.
- Category: Erosion

2. Mud falls down a mountainside.
- Explanation: Mudslides involve the movement of soil and debris downhill due to gravity.
- Category: Erosion

3. Waves crash against a rock wall and move loose particles away.
- Explanation: Waves erode rocks by breaking them apart and carrying away the loosened particles.
- Category: Erosion

4. Water carries soil from the riverbank.
- Explanation: Water flowing in rivers transports soil and sediment from one place to another.
- Category: Erosion

5. Sediment moved to a new location due to flood waters.
- Explanation: Floodwaters transport sediment and deposit it elsewhere.
- Category: Erosion

6. Wind carries particles of sand across a desert.
- Explanation: Wind moves sand particles across the landscape.
- Category: Erosion

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#### Deposition
1. Sediment forms a small island at the mouth of a river.
- Explanation: Sediment deposited by a river at its mouth can build up to form islands or deltas.
- Category: Deposition

2. Sand dunes get larger as the wind drops more and more sand.
- Explanation: Sand dunes grow as wind deposits sand in one location.
- Category: Deposition

3. Salt from a landslide piles up at the base of the mountain.
- Explanation: Landslides can deposit material, including salt, at the base of a mountain.
- Category: Deposition

4. Waves drop sand on a beach.
- Explanation: Waves deposit sand along the shoreline, forming beaches.
- Category: Deposition

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Final Classification Table:

| Weathering | Erosion | Deposition |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Water between cracks in a rock freezes and expands, making the cracks larger. | A rock frozen in a glacier is slowly carried away. | Sediment forms a small island at the mouth of a river. |
| Rocks break from the growing roots of a tree. | Mud falls down a mountainside. | Sand dunes get larger as the wind drops more and more sand. |
| Acid rain dissolves limestone. | Waves crash against a rock wall and move loose particles away. | Salt from a landslide piles up at the base of the mountain. |
| Wind carves arches in rock formations. | Water carries soil from the riverbank. | Waves drop sand on a beach. |
| Rocks trapped in glaciers scrape against other rocks. | Sediment moved to a new location due to flood waters. | |
| | Wind carries particles of sand across a desert. | |

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Final Answer:

\boxed{
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline
\textbf{Weathering} & \textbf{Erosion} & \textbf{Deposition} \\
\hline
\text{Water between cracks in a rock freezes and expands, making the cracks larger.} & \text{A rock frozen in a glacier is slowly carried away.} & \text{Sediment forms a small island at the mouth of a river.} \\
\text{Rocks break from the growing roots of a tree.} & \text{Mud falls down a mountainside.} & \text{Sand dunes get larger as the wind drops more and more sand.} \\
\text{Acid rain dissolves limestone.} & \text{Waves crash against a rock wall and move loose particles away.} & \text{Salt from a landslide piles up at the base of the mountain.} \\
\text{Wind carves arches in rock formations.} & \text{Water carries soil from the riverbank.} & \text{Waves drop sand on a beach.} \\
\text{Rocks trapped in glaciers scrape against other rocks.} & \text{Sediment moved to a new location due to flood waters.} & \\
& \text{Wind carries particles of sand across a desert.} & \\
\hline
\end{array}
}