Educational worksheet on using ethos in persuasive writing, featuring definitions, examples, and exercises.

Task One: Identify whether ETHOS is used and explain your reasoning

| Statement | Ethos? | Explain |
|---------|--------|--------|
| 1. "As your father, I love you and only want the best for you. Therefore when I ask you not to go, please listen to me." | Yes | The speaker appeals to their role as a parent (father), implying moral authority and care, which establishes credibility based on character and relationship. This emotional appeal to parental responsibility and love builds ethos by suggesting that the speaker’s judgment is trustworthy due to their position and intentions. |
| 2. "We really should try that recipe. Someone told me that it was good." | No | There is no indication of the speaker's expertise, experience, or credibility in cooking. The reference to “someone” is vague and does not establish authority or trustworthiness. Without identifying who this person is or why they are credible, there is no ethos present. |
| 3. "The research — conducted by professors at Harvard University — suggests that you should learn a second language." | Yes | The speaker cites research from Harvard University professors, who are recognized experts in academia. By referencing reputable institutions and professionals, the speaker enhances their own credibility through association with respected authorities, thus using ethos effectively. |
| 4. "Dentists all over the world are telling their patients the same things. You must floss regularly." | Yes | The speaker refers to dentists—professionals trained and qualified in oral health—as a source of advice. Since dentists are seen as authoritative figures in dental care, appealing to their collective opinion strengthens the argument through established expertise, making this an example of ethos. |
| 5. "I read somewhere that bicarbonate of soda is really useful for cleaning. You should try it." | No | The speaker admits to reading “somewhere,” which lacks specificity and reliability. No credible source or personal expertise is mentioned. Because the origin of the information is unclear and unverified, no ethos is established. |

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Task Two: Write persuasive sentences using ethos

#### 1. You are trying to persuade your mother to let you get a tattoo.

> "Mom, I’ve done extensive research on tattoo artists and hygiene practices, and I’ve even spoken with a licensed dermatologist who says that getting a tattoo from a professional studio is safe if proper aftercare is followed. As someone who values both safety and self-expression, I believe I’m making a responsible choice."

Explanation: This sentence uses ethos by showing knowledge (research), consulting an expert (dermatologist), and demonstrating maturity and responsibility—qualities that build credibility with the audience (mother).

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#### 2. You are attempting to convince an audience that animal testing is morally wrong.

> "As a biology student who has studied animal behavior and ethics for three years, I can tell you that animals feel pain just like humans do. In fact, many scientists and veterinarians agree that animal testing raises serious ethical concerns, especially when alternatives exist."

Explanation: The speaker establishes credibility by identifying themselves as a knowledgeable student in the field and references scientific consensus among experts (scientists and veterinarians), which strengthens their argument through ethos.

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#### 3. You are trying to persuade your teacher not to give you homework.

> "I understand that homework helps reinforce learning, but as a student who consistently completes assignments on time and participates actively in class, I believe I already demonstrate my understanding of the material. Giving me less homework would allow me to focus more deeply on mastering concepts without unnecessary repetition."

Explanation: The speaker builds ethos by highlighting their consistent academic performance and engagement in class, positioning themselves as a responsible and capable student—thereby gaining the teacher’s trust and respect.

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✔ Summary:

- Ethos involves establishing credibility, authority, or moral character.
- It works when the speaker shows experience, expertise, or trustworthiness.
- In Task One, statements 1, 3, and 4 use ethos; 2 and 5 do not.
- In Task Two, each response builds ethos by appealing to knowledge, experience, or trusted sources.

Let me know if you'd like these rewritten in simpler language or adapted for younger students!