SOLUTION: Prokaryotic eukaryotic cells worksheet - Studypool - Free Printable

Let's solve this step-by-step. The image is a diagram of a eukaryotic cell with unlabeled structures and a list of organelles to match. Below, I will:

1. Label the diagram correctly.
2. Explain the function of each labeled structure.

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🔹 Step 1: Labeling the Eukaryotic Cell Diagram

Here’s how to label the structures based on standard eukaryotic cell anatomy:

#### From the top-left clockwise:
1. Cell Membrane – Outer boundary of the cell; regulates what enters and exits.
2. Nucleus – Central organelle containing DNA; controls cellular activities.
3. Nuclear Envelope (or Nuclear Membrane) – Double membrane surrounding the nucleus.
4. Nucleolus – Structure inside the nucleus where ribosomes are made.
5. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) – Network of membranes studded with ribosomes; involved in protein synthesis.
6. Ribosomes – Small structures (often on RER) that synthesize proteins.
7. Golgi Apparatus – Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.
8. Lysosome – Contains digestive enzymes to break down waste materials.
9. Mitochondrion – Site of cellular respiration; produces ATP (energy).
10. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) – Lacks ribosomes; involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification.
11. Vacuole – Large storage organelle (in plant cells it's large; in animal cells, smaller).
12. Cytoplasm – Gel-like substance filling the cell; suspends organelles.

> ⚠️ Note: The diagram appears to be of an animal cell, as there's no cell wall or chloroplast.

Now, let’s assign labels from the given word bank:

#### Word Bank:
- Nucleus
- Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Ribosomes
- Mitochondria
- Golgi Apparatus
- Vacuole
- Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Lysosome
- Cytoplasm

Let’s now map them to the correct positions in the diagram.

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✔ Correct Labels (based on typical diagram layout):

Assuming the lines point to:

1. Top-left: Cell Membrane → But not in the word bank? Wait — *Cytoplasm* is listed. Let’s check again.

Wait! The word bank includes only 9 terms, but we have 10 blank labels. That suggests some might be missing or mislabeled.

But looking closely at the word bank:

> Word Bank:
> - Nucleus
> - Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
> - Ribosomes
> - Mitochondria
> - Golgi Apparatus
> - Vacuole
> - Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
> - Lysosome
> - Cytoplasm

That’s 9 items.

But the diagram has 10 blanks.

Possibility: One of the blanks is for Nuclear Envelope or Nucleolus, which aren't in the list.

But the instructions say: "Correctly label the following eukaryotic cell structures" using the provided words.

So likely, some labels are repeated, or one is missing.

But upon close inspection, the nucleus has a small circle inside it — that’s the nucleolus.

However, nucleolus is not in the word bank.

Similarly, cell membrane is not in the word bank.

But cytoplasm is listed — so perhaps the outermost region is labeled as cytoplasm?

Let’s re-analyze the diagram.

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🧩 Best Fit Matching Based on Standard Diagrams

Here is a typical labeling of such diagrams:

| Line Position | Structure |
|---------------|----------|
| Top-right | Cell Membrane → Not in word bank? But maybe they expect Cytoplasm instead? |

Wait — cytoplasm is the gel-like fluid, not the membrane.

Let’s look at the structure shapes:

- The outer boundary → Cell Membrane → Not in word bank.
- The large central circle with a dot inside → Nucleus (the dot is nucleolus)
- The network with dots → Rough ER
- The dots on the surface → Ribosomes
- The bean-shaped structures → Mitochondria
- The stacked sacs → Golgi Apparatus
- The oval shape with spots → Lysosome
- The large oval → Vacuole
- The smooth network → Smooth ER
- The fluid-filled area → Cytoplasm

So the only ones missing from the word bank are:
- Cell Membrane (not listed)
- Nucleolus (not listed)

But since Cytoplasm is in the list, maybe the outer space is labeled Cytoplasm?

But cytoplasm is inside the cell membrane, not the membrane itself.

Possibility: The word bank is incomplete, but we must use only those listed.

So perhaps the labels are not all distinct — maybe some are used more than once?

But no, each structure is unique.

Alternatively, maybe the outer edge is labeled Cytoplasm, even though it's technically the cell membrane?

No — that’s incorrect.

Wait — perhaps the blank near the nucleus is for Nucleolus, but it’s not in the word bank.

This suggests a problem with the worksheet design.

But let’s assume the word bank contains all needed labels, so perhaps:

- The outermost line points to Cytoplasm — but that doesn’t make sense because cytoplasm is the interior fluid.

Wait — actually, in many diagrams, "cytoplasm" refers to the entire contents outside the nucleus, including organelles.

But the cell membrane is the boundary.

Perhaps the word bank is meant to include “cell membrane”, but it's missing.

Given the constraints, let’s assume the intended labels are:

From left to right, top to bottom:

1. Cytoplasm — if pointing to the fluid area
2. Nucleus
3. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
4. Ribosomes
5. Mitochondria
6. Golgi Apparatus
7. Lysosome
8. Vacuole
9. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
10. Nucleolus — but not in list

But nucleolus is not in the word bank.

Alternatively, the small dot inside the nucleus is nucleolus, but we can’t label it unless it’s in the list.

This is confusing.

But looking at the bottom section, it says:

> Briefly explain the functions of each labeled structure

And lists:
- Nucleus
- Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Ribosomes
- Mitochondria
- Golgi Apparatus
- Vacuole
- Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Lysosome
- Cytoplasm

So these 9 are the ones to explain.

Therefore, the diagram must have 9 labels, but there are 10 blanks.

Possibility: One blank is for Nuclear Envelope or Cell Membrane, but not in list.

But perhaps "Cytoplasm" is used for the outer region, and "Cell Membrane" is implied.

Alternatively, the top-left blank is for Cell Membrane, but it's not in the word bank.

This seems like a flaw.

But let’s proceed with standard labeling using the given word bank.

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✔ Final Assignment of Labels (Best Guess Based on Diagram)

Assuming the diagram has:

1. Top-left: Cytoplasm — if pointing to the fluid area
→ But cytoplasm is the whole internal area.

Actually, the outer line is likely the cell membrane, but since it's not in the word bank, perhaps it's not labeled.

Wait — the lines go to specific structures.

Let’s number the lines from left to right, top to bottom:

1. Top-left → likely Cell Membrane (but not in list)
2. Middle-left → Nucleus
3. Bottom-left → Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
4. Bottom-middle → Ribosomes
5. Bottom-right → Golgi Apparatus
6. Middle-right → Lysosome
7. Top-right → Vacuole
8. Middle-top-right → Mitochondria
9. Top-middle-right → Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
10. Inside nucleus → Nucleolus (not in list)

But nucleolus is not in the word bank.

So perhaps the nucleus is labeled, and the dot inside is not labeled separately.

Or perhaps the label for nucleus includes the nucleolus.

But the nucleolus is a distinct structure.

Given the confusion, here’s the most plausible labeling using only the provided word bank:

Let’s assume the 10 blanks correspond to:

1. Cytoplasm — if pointing to the general fluid
2. Nucleus
3. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
4. Ribosomes
5. Mitochondria
6. Golgi Apparatus
7. Lysosome
8. Vacuole
9. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
10. Nucleus again? No.

Wait — perhaps one of the blanks is for "Nuclear Envelope", but it's not in the list.

Alternatively, the word bank may have a typo.

But let’s focus on the second part: explaining the functions.

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## ✔ Part 2: Functions of Each Organelle

Even if the labeling is ambiguous, we can answer the second part.

🔹 Function of Each Organelle:

| Structure | Function |
|---------|---------|
| Nucleus | Contains the cell’s DNA and controls cellular activities; site of DNA replication and RNA transcription. |
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) | Involved in protein synthesis; the ribosomes on its surface produce proteins that are secreted or inserted into membranes. |
| Ribosomes | Sites of protein synthesis; they read mRNA and assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains. |
| Mitochondria | Site of cellular respiration; produce ATP (energy) through aerobic respiration. Often called the "powerhouse" of the cell. |
| Golgi Apparatus | Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport to their destinations (e.g., secretion, lysosomes, or plasma membrane). |
| Vacuole | Stores water, ions, nutrients, and waste products; helps maintain turgor pressure in plant cells; in animal cells, smaller and used for storage and digestion. |
| Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) | Involved in lipid synthesis, detoxification of drugs and poisons, and calcium ion storage (especially in muscle cells). |
| Lysosome | Contains digestive enzymes that break down macromolecules, old organelles, and foreign particles; acts as the cell’s "recycling center." |
| Cytoplasm | Gel-like substance that fills the cell; provides medium for organelles and supports metabolic reactions; site of many cellular processes. |

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✔ Summary

Even though the diagram has 10 blanks and only 9 labels in the word bank, the intended answer is to label the 9 structures listed in the word bank, and explain their functions.

The missing labels (like cell membrane, nucleolus, nuclear envelope) are either omitted or assumed.

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✔ Final Answer (for labeling):

Use the following 9 labels from the word bank:

1. Nucleus → large central structure with a dot inside
2. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum → network with dots (ribosomes)
3. Ribosomes → small dots on RER and free-floating
4. Mitochondria → bean-shaped with inner folds
5. Golgi Apparatus → stacked flattened sacs
6. Lysosome → small round vesicle with spots
7. Vacuole → large oval structure
8. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum → smooth network (no ribosomes)
9. Cytoplasm → the fluid area around organelles

The 10th blank may be for Nucleolus (not in list), or possibly a mistake.

But based on the function explanation section, you should write the functions as above.

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✔ Final Answer for Student Worksheet:

#### 🔹 Labeling (assume the blanks are filled as follows):

(From top-left to bottom-right, best guess)

1. Cytoplasm
2. Nucleus
3. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
4. Ribosomes
5. Mitochondria
6. Golgi Apparatus
7. Lysosome
8. Vacuole
9. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
10. Nucleus (if pointing to nucleus again) — or Nucleolus — but not in list

Better: Use only the 9 in the word bank, and ignore one blank or assume it’s for cell membrane.

But since it's not in the list, perhaps the worksheet has an error.

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✔ Recommended Solution:

For the labeling: Use the 9 provided terms to label the corresponding structures in the diagram.

For the function section: Write the explanations as shown above.

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✔ Final Answer:

> Labeling: Match the following to the diagram:
> - Nucleus
> - Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
> - Ribosomes
> - Mitochondria
> - Golgi Apparatus
> - Lysosome
> - Vacuole
> - Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
> - Cytoplasm

> Functions:
> - Nucleus: Controls cell activities; stores DNA.
> - Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum: Protein synthesis and transport.
> - Ribosomes: Synthesize proteins.
> - Mitochondria: Produce energy (ATP) via cellular respiration.
> - Golgi Apparatus: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids.
> - Lysosome: Digests waste and foreign material.
> - Vacuole: Stores substances and maintains pressure.
> - Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum: Lipid synthesis and detoxification.
> - Cytoplasm: Fluid medium where organelles float and reactions occur.

This completes the task.