Solved Activity 2: Force, Mass, and Acceleration Directions ... - Free Printable

Let’s solve this step by step.

We are given a table with three columns: Acceleration (m/s²), Force (N), and Mass (kg).
We know from Newton’s Second Law that:

> Force = Mass × Acceleration
or
> F = m × a

From this, we can rearrange to find any missing value:

- To find Acceleration: a = F ÷ m
- To find Mass: m = F ÷ a
- To find Force: F = m × a

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Let’s go row by row:

Row 1:
Force = 1000 N, Mass = 500 kg → Find Acceleration
a = F ÷ m = 1000 ÷ 500 = 2 m/s²

Row 2:
Acceleration = 0.5 m/s², Force = 10 N → Find Mass
m = F ÷ a = 10 ÷ 0.5 = 20 kg

Row 3:
Acceleration = 2 m/s², Mass = 50 kg → Find Force
F = m × a = 50 × 2 = 100 N

Row 4:
Force = 150 N, Mass = 200 kg → Find Acceleration
a = F ÷ m = 150 ÷ 200 = 0.75 m/s²

Row 5:
Acceleration = 1.5 m/s², Force = 2000 N → Find Mass
m = F ÷ a = 2000 ÷ 1.5 = 1333.33... kg → We’ll round to 1333.33 kg or keep as fraction if needed. But since the other values are whole numbers or simple decimals, let’s write it as 1333.33 kg (or 4000/3 if exact).

But looking at the context, maybe they expect a decimal. Let’s use 1333.33 kg for now.

Wait — actually, 2000 ÷ 1.5 = 2000 ÷ (3/2) = 2000 × (2/3) = 4000/3 ≈ 1333.33. So yes, that’s correct.

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Now, Guide Questions:

1. How does the mass of the object affect its acceleration?
If force stays the same, increasing mass makes acceleration smaller. Decreasing mass makes acceleration bigger.
→ Mass and acceleration are inversely related when force is constant.

2. How does the applied force to the object affect the acceleration?
If mass stays the same, increasing force makes acceleration bigger. Decreasing force makes acceleration smaller.
→ Force and acceleration are directly related when mass is constant.

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Closure: State the Law of Acceleration
This is Newton’s Second Law:
> The acceleration of an object depends on the net force acting on it and its mass. Specifically, acceleration equals force divided by mass (a = F/m). Or, force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma).

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Final Answer:

Completed Table:

| Acceleration (m/s²) | Force (N) | Mass (kg) |
|---------------------|-----------|-------------|
| 1. 2 | 1000 | 500 |
| 2. 0.5 | 10 | 20 |
| 3. 2 | 100 | 50 |
| 4. 0.75 | 150 | 200 |
| 5. 1.5 | 2000 | 1333.33 |

Guide Questions Answers:

1. When mass increases (with same force), acceleration decreases. When mass decreases, acceleration increases. They are inversely proportional.

2. When force increases (with same mass), acceleration increases. When force decreases, acceleration decreases. They are directly proportional.

Closure:
The Law of Acceleration (Newton’s Second Law) states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. Formula: a = F/m or F = m×a.

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Final Answer:
Row 1: 2
Row 2: 20
Row 3: 100
Row 4: 0.75
Row 5: 1333.33

Guide Q1: Mass and acceleration are inversely related — more mass means less acceleration if force is unchanged.
Guide Q2: Force and acceleration are directly related — more force means more acceleration if mass is unchanged.
Closure: Newton’s Second Law: Acceleration equals force divided by mass (a = F/m).