Sponge Bob Genetics Lab Activity | Educational Resource - Free Printable

Problem Analysis:

The task involves understanding basic genetics concepts, including genotypes, phenotypes, dominance, and inheritance patterns. Let's solve each part step by step.

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1. Identifying Homozygous (Ho) and Heterozygous (He) Genotypes

#### Definitions:
- Homozygous (Ho): Both alleles are the same (e.g., TT, dd).
- Heterozygous (He): The alleles are different (e.g., Tt, Bb).

#### Given Genotypes:
- TT
- Bb
- DD
- Ff
- II
- dd
- Dd
- ff
- Tt
- bb
- BB
- FF

#### Solution:
- TT: Ho (both alleles are T)
- Bb: He (alleles are B and b)
- DD: Ho (both alleles are D)
- Ff: He (alleles are F and f)
- II: Ho (both alleles are I)
- dd: Ho (both alleles are d)
- Dd: He (alleles are D and d)
- ff: Ho (both alleles are f)
- Tt: He (alleles are T and t)
- bb: Ho (both alleles are b)
- BB: Ho (both alleles are B)
- FF: Ho (both alleles are F)

#### Which are Purebred?
Purebred organisms have homozygous genotypes. Therefore:
- Purebred (Homozygous): TT, DD, II, dd, ff, bb, BB, FF

#### Which are Hybrids?
Hybrid organisms have heterozygous genotypes. Therefore:
- Hybrids (Heterozygous): Bb, Ff, Dd, Tt

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2. Determining Phenotypes

#### Information Provided:
- Body Color:
- Yellow body color is dominant over blue.
- Dominant allele: Y
- Recessive allele: y
- Shape:
- Square shape is dominant over round.
- Dominant allele: S
- Recessive allele: s

#### Genotypes and Their Corresponding Phenotypes:
1. YY:
- Both alleles are dominant (Y). Phenotype: Yellow body color.
2. Yy:
- One dominant allele (Y) and one recessive allele (y). Phenotype: Yellow body color (dominant trait expresses).
3. yy:
- Both alleles are recessive (y). Phenotype: Blue body color.
4. SS:
- Both alleles are dominant (S). Phenotype: Square shape.
5. Ss:
- One dominant allele (S) and one recessive allele (s). Phenotype: Square shape (dominant trait expresses).
6. ss:
- Both alleles are recessive (s). Phenotype: Round shape.

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3. Giving Possible Genotypes for Patrick

#### Information Provided:
- Height:
- Tall (T) is dominant over short (t).
- Body Color:
- Pink (P) is dominant over yellow (p).

#### Phenotypes and Their Corresponding Genotypes:
1. Tall (T):
- Since tall is dominant, the possible genotypes are:
- TT (homozygous dominant)
- Tt (heterozygous)
- Answer: TT, Tt

2. Short (t):
- Since short is recessive, the only possible genotype is:
- tt (homozygous recessive)
- Answer: tt

3. Pink Body (P):
- Since pink is dominant, the possible genotypes are:
- PP (homozygous dominant)
- Pp (heterozygous)
- Answer: PP, Pp

4. Yellow Body (p):
- Since yellow is recessive, the only possible genotype is:
- pp (homozygous recessive)
- Answer: pp

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Final Answers:

1. Homozygous (Ho): TT, DD, II, dd, ff, bb, BB, FF
Heterozygous (He): Bb, Ff, Dd, Tt
Purebred: TT, DD, II, dd, ff, bb, BB, FF
Hybrids: Bb, Ff, Dd, Tt

2. Phenotypes:
- YY: Yellow body color
- Yy: Yellow body color
- yy: Blue body color
- SS: Square shape
- Ss: Square shape
- ss: Round shape

3. Possible Genotypes:
- Tall: TT, Tt
- Short: tt
- Pink body: PP, Pp
- Yellow body: pp

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Boxed Final Answer:

\[
\boxed{
\begin{array}{l}
\text{1. Ho: TT, DD, II, dd, ff, bb, BB, FF} \\
\text{ He: Bb, Ff, Dd, Tt} \\
\text{ Purebred: TT, DD, II, dd, ff, bb, BB, FF} \\
\text{ Hybrids: Bb, Ff, Dd, Tt} \\
\text{2. Phenotypes:} \\
\text{ YY: Yellow body color} \\
\text{ Yy: Yellow body color} \\
\text{ yy: Blue body color} \\
\text{ SS: Square shape} \\
\text{ Ss: Square shape} \\
\text{ ss: Round shape} \\
\text{3. Possible Genotypes:} \\
\text{ Tall: TT, Tt} \\
\text{ Short: tt} \\
\text{ Pink body: PP, Pp} \\
\text{ Yellow body: pp} \\
\end{array}
}
\]