Grammar worksheet focusing on identifying and analyzing gerunds in sentences.

Let's solve this worksheet step by step.

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Understanding the Task

We are asked to:
1. Underline the gerund in each sentence.
2. Encircle the gerund phrase (the gerund + any modifiers or objects).
3. Identify the function of the gerund phrase (e.g., subject, object, complement, etc.) and write it before the number.

> A gerund is a verb form ending in *-ing* that functions as a noun.
> A gerund phrase includes the gerund and any words that go with it.

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Now let’s analyze each sentence:

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1. Learning a new skill requires time and effort.

- Gerund: *Learning*
- Gerund phrase: *Learning a new skill*
- Function: Subject (the whole phrase is the subject of the sentence)
- ✔ Answer: SUBJECT

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2. His hobby, creating tutorial videos, makes his free time fruitful.

- Gerund: *creating*
- Gerund phrase: *creating tutorial videos*
- Function: Appositive (it renames "hobby")
- ✔ Answer: APPOSITIVE

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3. Something that gives her joy is travelling to famous tourist spots.

- Gerund: *travelling*
- Gerund phrase: *travelling to famous tourist spots*
- Function: Predicate nominative (it follows the linking verb "is" and renames "something")
- ✔ Answer: PREDICATE NOMINATIVE

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4. He deepens his knowledge of a topic by reading informative articles about it.

- Gerund: *reading*
- Gerund phrase: *reading informative articles about it*
- Function: Object of the preposition "by"
- ✔ Answer: OBJECT OF PREPOSITION

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5. She loves baking cupcakes and other kinds of pastries.

- Gerund: *baking*
- Gerund phrase: *baking cupcakes and other kinds of pastries*
- Function: Direct object of the verb "loves"
- ✔ Answer: DIRECT OBJECT

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6. His favorite pastime is skating with his friends in the park.

- Gerund: *skating*
- Gerund phrase: *skating with his friends in the park*
- Function: Predicate nominative (renames "pastime")
- ✔ Answer: PREDICATE NOMINATIVE

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7. She spends time in practicing for her upcoming dance recital.

- Gerund: *practicing*
- Gerund phrase: *practicing for her upcoming dance recital*
- Function: Object of the preposition "in"
- ✔ Answer: OBJECT OF PREPOSITION

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8. Listening to acoustic music is what he does when he wants to relax.

- Gerund: *Listening*
- Gerund phrase: *Listening to acoustic music*
- Function: Subject of the sentence
- ✔ Answer: SUBJECT

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9. My friend likes taking pictures of nature.

- Gerund: *taking*
- Gerund phrase: *taking pictures of nature*
- Function: Direct object of "likes"
- ✔ Answer: DIRECT OBJECT

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10. Her talent, singing country songs, amazes many people.

- Gerund: *singing*
- Gerund phrase: *singing country songs*
- Function: Appositive (renames "talent")
- ✔ Answer: APPOSITIVE

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✔ Final Answers:

1. SUBJECT – Learning a new skill
2. APPOSITIVE – creating tutorial videos
3. PREDICATE NOMINATIVE – travelling to famous tourist spots
4. OBJECT OF PREPOSITION – reading informative articles about it
5. DIRECT OBJECT – baking cupcakes and other kinds of pastries
6. PREDICATE NOMINATIVE – skating with his friends in the park
7. OBJECT OF PREPOSITION – practicing for her upcoming dance recital
8. SUBJECT – Listening to acoustic music
9. DIRECT OBJECT – taking pictures of nature
10. APPOSITIVE – singing country songs

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🔍 Summary of Functions:

| Function | Meaning |
|--------|--------|
| Subject | The gerund phrase is the main topic of the sentence. |
| Predicate Nominative | Renames the subject after a linking verb (e.g., "is", "was"). |
| Direct Object | Receives the action of the verb. |
| Object of Preposition | Follows a preposition (e.g., "by", "in", "for"). |
| Appositive | Gives more information about a noun nearby (often set off by commas). |

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