This diagram illustrates the process of
Glycolysis, which is how cells break down glucose to get energy. Here is the step-by-step solution to identify each part based on the shapes and colors provided in the legend.
Step 1: Identify the Starting Material (Top Blue Bar)
The process starts with a single long blue bar at the very top. In glycolysis, we start with one molecule of sugar.
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Identity: Glucose
Step 2: Identify the First Steps (Steps 1 & 3)
In the beginning steps (labeled 1 and 3), small yellow bars are added to the glucose chain. This represents adding energy to get the reaction started. The green blocks helping this are enzymes (specifically Hexokinase and Phosphofructokinase).
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Yellow Bars (added): ATP (Energy input)
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Process Names: Step 1 is *Phosphorylation*. Step 3 is also *Phosphorylation*.
Step 3: Identify the Splitting Point (Step 4)
After step 3, the long chain has two phosphate groups attached. At step 4, the arrow splits into two paths. This is where the 6-carbon sugar breaks into two 3-carbon molecules.
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Process Name: Cleavage (or Lysis)
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Resulting Molecules: Two molecules of G3P (Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate). Note that one path goes directly to G3P, while the other goes through an intermediate called DHAP (step 5) before becoming G3P.
Step 4: Identify the Energy Payoff Phase (Steps 6–10)
Now we have two 3-carbon chains. From here on, everything happens twice (once for each chain).
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Step 6: A yellow bar is produced, and "2 Pi" (inorganic phosphate) is shown leaving. This step converts ADP back into ATP.
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Yellow Bar produced: ATP
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Step 7: Another yellow bar is produced.
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Yellow Bar produced: ATP
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Step 8: Water is removed from the molecule (dehydration).
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Process Name: Dehydration
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Step 9: Another yellow bar is produced.
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Yellow Bar produced: ATP
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Step 10: The final yellow bar is produced, and we are left with the final product.
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Yellow Bar produced: ATP
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Final Product (Bottom Blue Bar): Pyruvate (or Pyruvic Acid)
Summary of Labels:
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Top Long Blue Bar: Glucose
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Red Blocks: Enzymes (e.g., Hexokinase, Phosphofructokinase, Aldolase, etc.)
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Green Blocks: Molecules/Enzymes acting on the substrate
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Yellow Bars (Input at top): ATP
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Yellow Bars (Output at bottom): ATP
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Step 1: Phosphorylation
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Step 2: Isomerization
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Step 3: Phosphorylation
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Step 4: Cleavage
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Step 5: Isomerization
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Step 6: Oxidation / Phosphorylation
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Step 7: Substrate-level Phosphorylation
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Step 8: Dehydration
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Step 9: Substrate-level Phosphorylation
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Step 10: Substrate-level Phosphorylation
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Bottom Short Blue Bar: Pyruvate
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Final Answer:
Top Blue Bar: Glucose
Yellow Bars (Left side inputs): ATP
Yellow Bars (Right side outputs): ATP
Step 1: Phosphorylation
Step 2: Isomerization
Step 3: Phosphorylation
Step 4: Cleavage
Step 5: Isomerization
Step 6: Oxidation
Step 7: Phosphorylation
Step 8: Dehydration
Step 9: Phosphorylation
Step 10: Phosphorylation
Bottom Blue Bar: Pyruvate
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of glycolysis worksheet.
