Let’s go through each problem one by one. These are logic puzzles where you’re given two statements (premises), and you need to figure out what must be true based on those statements — that’s called deductive reasoning.
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1. All cats have whiskers. Fluffy is a cat.
→ If all cats have whiskers, and Fluffy is a cat, then Fluffy must have whiskers.
✔ Conclusion:
Fluffy has whiskers.
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2. New Year’s Day is the first of January. Today is the first of January.
→ This says New Year’s Day = Jan 1, and today = Jan 1. So today must be New Year’s Day.
✔ Conclusion:
Today is New Year’s Day.
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3. All people are mortal. Ellen is a person.
→ If everyone dies (is mortal), and Ellen is someone, then Ellen will die too.
✔ Conclusion:
Ellen is mortal.
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4. Ice melts in temperatures above freezing. 60° F is above freezing.
→ Since ice melts when it’s warmer than freezing, and 60°F is warm enough, ice will melt at 60°F.
✔ Conclusion:
Ice melts at 60° F.
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5. Roger is too tall to sleep in a normal bed. This is a normal bed.
→ Roger can’t fit in a normal bed, and this bed is normal → so Roger can’t sleep here.
✔ Conclusion:
Roger cannot sleep in this bed.
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6. Flowers are plants. All plants do photosynthesis.
→ Flowers are a type of plant, and all plants make food using sunlight → flowers do photosynthesis.
✔ Conclusion:
Flowers do photosynthesis.
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7. Red meat contains iron. Beef is red meat.
→ Beef is a kind of red meat, and red meat has iron → beef has iron.
✔ Conclusion:
Beef contains iron.
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Final Answer:
1. Fluffy has whiskers.
2. Today is New Year’s Day.
3. Ellen is mortal.
4. Ice melts at 60° F.
5. Roger cannot sleep in this bed.
6. Flowers do photosynthesis.
7. Beef contains iron.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of inductive and deductive reasoning worksheet.
