Deductive Reasoning worksheet for students to practice logical inference by deducing conclusions from given premises.

Deductive Reasoning Worksheet Solution

The task involves using deductive reasoning to draw logical conclusions from the given premises. Deductive reasoning is a form of logical thinking where specific conclusions are drawn from general statements or premises. Let's solve each problem step by step.

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#### 1. All cats have whiskers. Fluffy is a cat.
- Premise 1: All cats have whiskers.
- Premise 2: Fluffy is a cat.
- Conclusion: Since all cats have whiskers and Fluffy is a cat, it follows that Fluffy has whiskers.
- Answer: Fluffy has whiskers.

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#### 2. New Year’s Day is the first of January. Today is the first of January.
- Premise 1: New Year’s Day is the first of January.
- Premise 2: Today is the first of January.
- Conclusion: Since New Year’s Day is defined as the first of January and today is the first of January, today must be New Year’s Day.
- Answer: Today is New Year’s Day.

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#### 3. All people are mortal. Ellen is a person.
- Premise 1: All people are mortal.
- Premise 2: Ellen is a person.
- Conclusion: Since all people are mortal and Ellen is a person, Ellen must be mortal.
- Answer: Ellen is mortal.

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#### 4. Ice melts in temperatures above freezing. 60° F is above freezing.
- Premise 1: Ice melts in temperatures above freezing.
- Premise 2: 60° F is above freezing.
- Conclusion: Since ice melts in temperatures above freezing and 60° F is above freezing, ice will melt at 60° F.
- Answer: Ice melts at 60° F.

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#### 5. Roger is too tall to sleep in a normal bed. This is a normal bed.
- Premise 1: Roger is too tall to sleep in a normal bed.
- Premise 2: This is a normal bed.
- Conclusion: Since Roger is too tall for a normal bed and this is a normal bed, Roger cannot sleep in this bed.
- Answer: Roger cannot sleep in this bed.

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#### 6. Flowers are plants. All plants do photosynthesis.
- Premise 1: Flowers are plants.
- Premise 2: All plants do photosynthesis.
- Conclusion: Since flowers are plants and all plants do photosynthesis, it follows that flowers do photosynthesis.
- Answer: Flowers do photosynthesis.

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#### 7. Red meat contains iron. Beef is red meat.
- Premise 1: Red meat contains iron.
- Premise 2: Beef is red meat.
- Conclusion: Since red meat contains iron and beef is red meat, beef must contain iron.
- Answer: Beef contains iron.

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Final Answers:

1. Fluffy has whiskers.
2. Today is New Year’s Day.
3. Ellen is mortal.
4. Ice melts at 60° F.
5. Roger cannot sleep in this bed.
6. Flowers do photosynthesis.
7. Beef contains iron.

Boxed Final Answer:
\[
\boxed{
\begin{array}{l}
1. \text{Fluffy has whiskers.} \\
2. \text{Today is New Year’s Day.} \\
3. \text{Ellen is mortal.} \\
4. \text{Ice melts at 60° F.} \\
5. \text{Roger cannot sleep in this bed.} \\
6. \text{Flowers do photosynthesis.} \\
7. \text{Beef contains iron.}
\end{array}
}
\]