Let’s solve problem #1:
∫ eˣ sin x dx
This is a classic integration by parts problem — and it’s tricky because you’ll need to do it *twice*, then solve for the original integral.
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Step 1: Recall Integration by Parts Formula
We use:
∫ u dv = uv - ∫ v du
We need to pick
u and
dv wisely. Let’s try:
Let
→ u = sin x → du = cos x dx
→ dv = eˣ dx → v = eˣ
Then:
∫ eˣ sin x dx = eˣ sin x - ∫ eˣ cos x dx ...(Equation A)
Now we have a new integral: ∫ eˣ cos x dx — which looks similar. We’ll apply integration by parts again.
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Step 2: Apply Integration by Parts Again on ∫ eˣ cos x dx
Let
→ u = cos x → du = -sin x dx
→ dv = eˣ dx → v = eˣ
So:
∫ eˣ cos x dx = eˣ cos x - ∫ eˣ (-sin x) dx
= eˣ cos x + ∫ eˣ sin x dx ...(Equation B)
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Step 3: Plug Equation B into Equation A
From Equation A:
∫ eˣ sin x dx = eˣ sin x - [eˣ cos x + ∫ eˣ sin x dx]
Simplify:
∫ eˣ sin x dx = eˣ sin x - eˣ cos x - ∫ eˣ sin x dx
Now, notice that the same integral appears on both sides! Let’s call I = ∫ eˣ sin x dx
So:
I = eˣ sin x - eˣ cos x - I
Add I to both sides:
2I = eˣ sin x - eˣ cos x
Divide by 2:
I = (eˣ sin x - eˣ cos x)/2 + C
Factor out eˣ:
I = (eˣ / 2)(sin x - cos x) + C
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✔ Final Answer:
(eˣ / 2)(sin x - cos x) + C
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of integration by parts worksheet with answers.