Science worksheet helping students distinguish between ionic and covalent bonds using a periodic table.

Let's solve this step-by-step based on the directions:

Guidelines:

- Identify the elements in each formula.
- Categorize each element as a metal or non-metal.
- Determine if the bond is ionic or covalent:
- Ionic bonds form between a metal and a non-metal (electron transfer).
- Covalent bonds form between two non-metals (electron sharing).

We'll use the periodic table to classify elements.

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Step-by-step Solution:

#### 1. HF
- Elements: Hydrogen (H), Fluorine (F)
- Metals: None
- Non-Metals: Hydrogen, Fluorine
- Bond Type: Covalent (both non-metals)

✔ Already filled in correctly.

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#### 2. NaCl
- Elements: Sodium (Na), Chlorine (Cl)
- Metals: Sodium
- Non-Metals: Chlorine
- Bond Type: Ionic (metal + non-metal)

✔ Already filled in correctly.

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#### 3. C₄H₁₀
- Elements: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H)
- Metals: None
- Non-Metals: Carbon, Hydrogen
- Bond Type: Covalent (both non-metals)

> This is butane, a hydrocarbon.

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#### 4. Al₂O₃
- Elements: Aluminum (Al), Oxygen (O)
- Metals: Aluminum
- Non-Metals: Oxygen
- Bond Type: Ionic (metal + non-metal)

> Aluminum is a metal; oxygen is a non-metal.

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#### 5. CBr₄
- Elements: Carbon (C), Bromine (Br)
- Metals: None
- Non-Metals: Carbon, Bromine
- Bond Type: Covalent (both non-metals)

> Carbon tetrabromide — covalent molecule.

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#### 6. Na₂S
- Elements: Sodium (Na), Sulfur (S)
- Metals: Sodium
- Non-Metals: Sulfur
- Bond Type: Ionic (metal + non-metal)

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#### 7. Sr₃N₂
- Elements: Strontium (Sr), Nitrogen (N)
- Metals: Strontium
- Non-Metals: Nitrogen
- Bond Type: Ionic (metal + non-metal)

> Strontium is an alkaline earth metal.

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#### 8. H₂S
- Elements: Hydrogen (H), Sulfur (S)
- Metals: None
- Non-Metals: Hydrogen, Sulfur
- Bond Type: Covalent (both non-metals)

> Hydrogen sulfide — covalent compound.

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#### 9. BaF₂
- Elements: Barium (Ba), Fluorine (F)
- Metals: Barium
- Non-Metals: Fluorine
- Bond Type: Ionic (metal + non-metal)

> Barium is a metal (alkaline earth metal); fluorine is a non-metal.

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#### 10. C₂H₆
- Elements: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H)
- Metals: None
- Non-Metals: Carbon, Hydrogen
- Bond Type: Covalent (both non-metals)

> Ethane — organic molecule.

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#### 11. NO₂
- Elements: Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O)
- Metals: None
- Non-Metals: Nitrogen, Oxygen
- Bond Type: Covalent (both non-metals)

> Nitrogen dioxide — gas formed by sharing electrons.

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#### 12. MgCl₂
- Elements: Magnesium (Mg), Chlorine (Cl)
- Metals: Magnesium
- Non-Metals: Chlorine
- Bond Type: Ionic (metal + non-metal)

> Magnesium chloride — common ionic compound.

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✔ Final Completed Table:

| Formula | Metals | Non-Metals | Type of Bond |
|------------|--------------|--------------------------|---------------|
| 1. HF | | Hydrogen, Fluorine | Covalent |
| 2. NaCl | Sodium | Chlorine | Ionic |
| 3. C₄H₁₀ | | Carbon, Hydrogen | Covalent |
| 4. Al₂O₃ | Aluminum | Oxygen | Ionic |
| 5. CBr₄ | | Carbon, Bromine | Covalent |
| 6. Na₂S | Sodium | Sulfur | Ionic |
| 7. Sr₃N₂ | Strontium | Nitrogen | Ionic |
| 8. H₂S | | Hydrogen, Sulfur | Covalent |
| 9. BaF₂ | Barium | Fluorine | Ionic |
| 10. C₂H₆ | | Carbon, Hydrogen | Covalent |
| 11. NO₂ | | Nitrogen, Oxygen | Covalent |
| 12. MgCl₂ | Magnesium | Chlorine | Ionic |

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🔍 Summary Rule:

- Metal + Non-metal → Ionic Bond
- Non-metal + Non-metal → Covalent Bond

This rule helps quickly identify bond types using the periodic table.

Let me know if you'd like a printable version or explanation for any specific compound!