Ionic bonding worksheet for students to practice drawing electron dot structures and naming ionic compounds.

Let's solve each part of this Type 1 (Ionic) Bonding Worksheet step by step.

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🔬 Understanding Ionic Bonding

In ionic bonding:
- Metals lose electrons to form positive ions (cations).
- Nonmetals gain electrons to form negative ions (anions).
- The number of electrons lost equals the number gained.
- We use electron dot structures (Lewis structures) to show valence electrons and their transfer.

We’ll complete:
1. Draw electron dot structures with arrows showing electron transfer.
2. Name the ionic compound.
3. Fill in the table: Atoms, Valence electrons, Electron transfer, Ions formed.

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## ✔ Problem 1: Li + F → LiF
Already completed as an example.

- Name: Lithium fluoride
- Li loses 1 e⁻ → Li⁺
- F gains 1 e⁻ → F⁻

✔ Done!

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## ✔ Problem 2: Ca + O → CaO
Name the ionic compound: Calcium oxide

| Atoms | Valence electrons | Electron transfer from/to each atom | Ions formed in the product |
|-------|-------------------|-------------------------------------|----------------------------|
| Ca | 2 | Ca loses 2 e⁻ | Ca²⁺ |
| O | 6 | O gains 2 e⁻ | O²⁻ |

🔹 Electron Dot Diagram:

```
Ca: •• O: .. ..
(2 valence) :O:
.. ..

→

Ca²⁺ [ :O: ]²⁻
.. ..
```

Arrow: From Ca to O (two electrons transferred)

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## ✔ Problem 3: Be + F → BeF₂
Name the ionic compound: Beryllium fluoride

| Atoms | Valence electrons | Electron transfer from/to each atom | Ions formed in the product |
|-------|-------------------|-------------------------------------|----------------------------|
| Be | 2 | Be loses 2 e⁻ | Be²⁺ |
| F | 7 | Each F gains 1 e⁻ | F⁻ |
| | | (Two F atoms needed) | |

💡 Since Be has 2 valence electrons, it must transfer one electron to each of two fluorine atoms.

🔹 Electron Dot Diagram:

```
Be: •• F: .. .. F: .. ..
:F: :F:
.. .. .. ..

→

Be²⁺ [:F:]⁻ [:F:]⁻
.. .. .. ..
```

Arrows: One arrow from Be to each F (total 2 electrons transferred).

✔ Ions formed: Be²⁺ and F⁻ (two F⁻ ions)

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## ✔ Problem 4: Mg + S → MgS
Name the ionic compound: Magnesium sulfide

| Atoms | Valence electrons | Electron transfer from/to each atom | Ions formed in the product |
|-------|-------------------|-------------------------------------|----------------------------|
| Mg | 2 | Mg loses 2 e⁻ | Mg²⁺ |
| S | 6 | S gains 2 e⁻ | S²⁻ |

🔹 Electron Dot Diagram:

```
Mg: •• S: .. ..
:S:
.. ..

→

Mg²⁺ [:S:]²⁻
.. ..
```

Arrow: From Mg to S (2 electrons transferred)

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## ✔ Problem 5: K + F → KF
Name the ionic compound: Potassium fluoride

| Atoms | Valence electrons | Electron transfer from/to each atom | Ions formed in the product |
|-------|-------------------|-------------------------------------|----------------------------|
| K | 1 | K loses 1 e⁻ | K⁺ |
| F | 7 | F gains 1 e⁻ | F⁻ |

🔹 Electron Dot Diagram:

```
K: • F: .. ..
:F:
.. ..

→

K⁺ [:F:]⁻
.. ..
```

Arrow: From K to F (1 electron transferred)

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## 📝 Final Answers Summary

3) Be + F → BeF₂

- Name: Beryllium fluoride
- Table:
- Be: 2 valence e⁻ → loses 2 e⁻ → Be²⁺
- F: 7 valence e⁻ → gains 1 e⁻ → F⁻ (x2)

4) Mg + S → MgS

- Name: Magnesium sulfide
- Table:
- Mg: 2 valence e⁻ → loses 2 e⁻ → Mg²⁺
- S: 6 valence e⁻ → gains 2 e⁻ → S²⁻

5) K + F → KF

- Name: Potassium fluoride
- Table:
- K: 1 valence e⁻ → loses 1 e⁻ → K⁺
- F: 7 valence e⁻ → gains 1 e⁻ → F⁻

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## ✔ Completed Worksheet Table

| Reactions | Atoms | Valence electrons | Electron transfer from/to each atom | Ions formed in the product |
|---------|-------|-------------------|-------------------------------------|----------------------------|
| 3) Be + F → BeF₂ | Be | 2 | Be loses 2 e⁻ | Be²⁺ |
| | F | 7 | F gains 1 e⁻ (×2) | F⁻ |
| | | | | |
| 4) Mg + S → MgS | Mg | 2 | Mg loses 2 e⁻ | Mg²⁺ |
| | S | 6 | S gains 2 e⁻ | S²⁻ |
| | | | | |
| 5) K + F → KF | K | 1 | K loses 1 e⁻ | K⁺ |
| | F | 7 | F gains 1 e⁻ | F⁻ |

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## ✔ Naming Rules Recap:
- Metal name first (e.g., beryllium, magnesium, potassium)
- Nonmetal name ends in -ide (e.g., fluoride, sulfide, oxide)

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Let me know if you'd like a visual diagram drawn out!