Ionic Bonding 1 worksheet illustrating electron transfer in ionic compounds with Lewis dot structures.

It looks like you've uploaded a worksheet titled "Ionic Bonding 1", which asks students to show the transfer of electrons between a metal and a nonmetal in various ionic compounds. The task is to complete the electron transfer diagrams for each compound, similar to the example given at the top:

> Example:
> K⁺ + Cl⁻ → KCl
> (Diagram shows K losing one electron to become K⁺, and Cl gaining that electron to become Cl⁻)

Let's go through each problem step by step and explain how to solve them.

---

🔹 Problem 1: K + O → K₂O

- Potassium (K) is a metal (Group 1), so it loses 1 electron to form K⁺.
- Oxygen (O) is a nonmetal (Group 16), so it gains 2 electrons to form O²⁻.
- Since oxygen needs 2 electrons and each potassium gives only 1, we need two potassium atoms.

✔ Electron transfer:
```
K → K⁺ + e⁻
K → K⁺ + e⁻
O + 2e⁻ → O²⁻
```
So, two K atoms each lose 1 electron; O gains both.

➡️ Answer:
`2K + O → K₂O`
Electron transfer diagram:
```
K → K⁺ + e⁻
K → K⁺ + e⁻
O + 2e⁻ → O²⁻
```

---

🔹 Problem 2: Mg + O → MgO

- Magnesium (Mg) is a metal (Group 2), loses 2 electrons → Mg²⁺
- Oxygen (O) gains 2 electrons → O²⁻

✔ Electron transfer:
```
Mg → Mg²⁺ + 2e⁻
O + 2e⁻ → O²⁻
```
→ Forms MgO

➡️ Answer:
`Mg + O → MgO`
Diagram:
```
Mg → Mg²⁺ + 2e⁻
O + 2e⁻ → O²⁻
```

---

🔹 Problem 3: Ca + S → CaS

- Calcium (Ca) is Group 2 → loses 2 electrons → Ca²⁺
- Sulfur (S) is Group 16 → gains 2 electrons → S²⁻

✔ Transfer:
```
Ca → Ca²⁺ + 2e⁻
S + 2e⁻ → S²⁻
```
→ Forms CaS

➡️ Answer:
`Ca + S → CaS`
Diagram:
```
Ca → Ca²⁺ + 2e⁻
S + 2e⁻ → S²⁻
```

---

🔹 Problem 4: Na + Br → NaBr

- Sodium (Na) is Group 1 → loses 1 electron → Na⁺
- Bromine (Br) is Group 17 → gains 1 electron → Br⁻

✔ Transfer:
```
Na → Na⁺ + e⁻
Br + e⁻ → Br⁻
```
→ Forms NaBr

➡️ Answer:
`Na + Br → NaBr`
Diagram:
```
Na → Na⁺ + e⁻
Br + e⁻ → Br⁻
```

---

🔹 Problem 5: H + Cl → HCl

- Hydrogen (H) is not a metal, but it behaves like a metal here — it loses 1 electron → H⁺
- Chlorine (Cl) gains 1 electron → Cl⁻

Note: This is still considered an ionic bond in some contexts (though HCl is covalent in gas phase). But since this is an ionic bonding worksheet, we treat it as such.

✔ Transfer:
```
H → H⁺ + e⁻
Cl + e⁻ → Cl⁻
```
→ Forms HCl

➡️ Answer:
`H + Cl → HCl`
Diagram:
```
H → H⁺ + e⁻
Cl + e⁻ → Cl⁻
```

---

🔹 Problem 6: Al + Cl → AlCl₃

- Aluminum (Al) is a metal (Group 13) → loses 3 electrons → Al³⁺
- Chlorine (Cl) is Group 17 → gains 1 electron → Cl⁻

To balance: One Al gives 3 electrons → needs three Cl atoms to accept them.

✔ Transfer:
```
Al → Al³⁺ + 3e⁻
Cl + e⁻ → Cl⁻
Cl + e⁻ → Cl⁻
Cl + e⁻ → Cl⁻
```

➡️ Answer:
`Al + 3Cl → AlCl₃`
Diagram:
```
Al → Al³⁺ + 3e⁻
Cl + e⁻ → Cl⁻
Cl + e⁻ → Cl⁻
Cl + e⁻ → Cl⁻
```

---

🔹 Problem 7: Na + O → Na₂O

- Sodium (Na) loses 1 electron → Na⁺
- Oxygen (O) gains 2 electrons → O²⁻
- So need two Na atoms

✔ Transfer:
```
Na → Na⁺ + e⁻
Na → Na⁺ + e⁻
O + 2e⁻ → O²⁻
```

➡️ Answer:
`2Na + O → Na₂O`
Diagram:
```
Na → Na⁺ + e⁻
Na → Na⁺ + e⁻
O + 2e⁻ → O²⁻
```

---

🔹 Problem 8: Cr + S → Cr₂S₃

- Chromium (Cr) is a transition metal. It commonly forms Cr³⁺ ion.
- Sulfur (S) gains 2 electrons → S²⁻
- To balance charges:
- Cr³⁺ and S²⁻ → least common multiple of 3 and 2 is 6
- So: 2 Cr³⁺ = 6+ charge
- 3 S²⁻ = 6– charge

So formula is Cr₂S₃

✔ Electron transfer:
- Each Cr atom loses 3 electrons → Cr³⁺
- Each S atom gains 2 electrons → S²⁻

Need:
- 2 Cr atoms → lose 2 × 3 = 6 electrons
- 3 S atoms → gain 3 × 2 = 6 electrons

Diagram:
```
Cr → Cr³⁺ + 3e⁻
Cr → Cr³⁺ + 3e⁻
S + 2e⁻ → S²⁻
S + 2e⁻ → S²⁻
S + 2e⁻ → S²⁻
```

➡️ Answer:
`2Cr + 3S → Cr₂S₃`
Diagram:
```
Cr → Cr³⁺ + 3e⁻
Cr → Cr³⁺ + 3e⁻
S + 2e⁻ → S²⁻
S + 2e⁻ → S²⁻
S + 2e⁻ → S²⁻
```

---

✔ Final Summary Table:

| Compound | Metal → Ion | Nonmetal → Ion | Formula |
|--------|-------------|----------------|--------|
| 1. K + O | K → K⁺ | O → O²⁻ | K₂O |
| 2. Mg + O | Mg → Mg²⁺ | O → O²⁻ | MgO |
| 3. Ca + S | Ca → Ca²⁺ | S → S²⁻ | CaS |
| 4. Na + Br | Na → Na⁺ | Br → Br⁻ | NaBr |
| 5. H + Cl | H → H⁺ | Cl → Cl⁻ | HCl |
| 6. Al + Cl | Al → Al³⁺ | Cl → Cl⁻ | AlCl₃ |
| 7. Na + O | Na → Na⁺ | O → O²⁻ | Na₂O |
| 8. Cr + S | Cr → Cr³⁺ | S → S²⁻ | Cr₂S₃ |

---

📌 Key Concepts:

- Metals lose electrons to form cations (+).
- Nonmetals gain electrons to form anions (–).
- Total electrons lost = total electrons gained.
- Use subscripts to balance charges when writing formulas.

---

If you'd like, I can help you draw these diagrams neatly or turn this into a printable answer key! Let me know.