- The table is titled "Atomic Structure #2 Key" and lists elements with their symbols, atomic numbers, atomic masses, number of protons, neutrons, electrons, and valence electrons.
- For each element, the atomic number equals the number of protons and electrons (in a neutral atom).
- The number of neutrons is calculated by subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass (rounded to the nearest whole number).
- Valence electrons are determined based on the element’s group in the periodic table or its electron configuration.
- The table includes common elements like Hydrogen, Helium, Lithium, Beryllium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Neon, Sodium, Magnesium, Aluminum, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine, Argon, Potassium, Calcium, Iron, Copper, Zinc, Silver, Gold, Lead, Uranium, and others.
- Atomic masses are given as approximate values (e.g., Hydrogen = 1.0, Helium = 4.0, etc.).
- Some entries show ions (e.g., Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Al³⁺, Cl⁻, O²⁻, Fe³⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Ag⁺, Au³⁺, Pb²⁺, U⁴⁺), meaning the number of electrons differs from the atomic number due to gain or loss of electrons.
- For ions, the number of electrons is adjusted: cations lose electrons (e.g., Na⁺ has 10 electrons instead of 11), anions gain electrons (e.g., Cl⁻ has 18 electrons instead of 17).
- Valence electrons for ions may reflect the charge (e.g., O²⁻ has 8 valence electrons, matching a full octet).
- The table serves as a reference for understanding atomic structure and ion formation.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of ions and isotopes worksheet.
