Atoms Vs. Ions Worksheet - Name Date Period Atoms Vs Ions ... - Free Printable

It looks like you've uploaded a worksheet titled "Cations vs. Ions Worksheet", which asks students to complete atomic diagrams for various elements and their ions, showing how electrons are gained or lost to form cations (positive ions) or anions (negative ions).

Since I can't view images directly, I’ll guide you through solving the worksheet based on standard chemistry principles. Below is a step-by-step explanation of how to fill in the table for each element and its ion.

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🔬 Understanding the Concepts:

- Cation: A positively charged ion (loses electrons).
- Anion: A negatively charged ion (gains electrons).
- Valence electrons: Electrons in the outermost shell.
- Ion symbol: Element symbol with charge (e.g., Na⁺, Cl⁻).

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✔ Step-by-Step Solution

We'll go through each row and fill in the missing information.

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#### 1. Lithium Atom → Lithium Ion

| Group | Period | Atomic # | Electrons | Cation/Anion | Ion Symbol |
|-------|--------|----------|-----------|--------------|------------|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | Cation | Li⁺ |

Explanation:
- Lithium (Li) has atomic number 3, so it has 3 protons and 3 electrons.
- It's in Group 1, so it loses 1 electron to form a +1 cation.
- After losing 1 electron: 2 electrons remain.
- The ion symbol is Li⁺.

> Diagram:
> - Lithium atom: 3 electrons (2 in first shell, 1 in second).
> - Lithium ion (Li⁺): 2 electrons (only the first shell remains filled).

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#### 2. Beryllium Atom → Beryllium Ion

| Group | Period | Atomic # | Electrons | Cation/Anion | Ion Symbol |
|-------|--------|----------|-----------|--------------|------------|
| 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | Cation | Be²⁺ |

Explanation:
- Beryllium (Be) has atomic number 4, so 4 electrons.
- In Group 2, it loses 2 electrons to form Be²⁺.
- Remaining electrons: 2.
- Ion symbol: Be²⁺.

> Diagram:
> - Be atom: 2 electrons in first shell, 2 in second.
> - Be²⁺: only 2 electrons (in first shell).

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#### 3. Nitrogen Atom → Nitrogen Ion

| Group | Period | Atomic # | Electrons | Cation/Anion | Ion Symbol |
|-------|--------|----------|-----------|--------------|------------|
| 15 | 2 | 7 | 7 | Anion | N³⁻ |

Explanation:
- Nitrogen (N) has atomic number 7, so 7 electrons.
- In Group 15, it gains 3 electrons to complete its octet (needs 8 electrons).
- Gains 3 electrons → total electrons = 10.
- Charge: -3, so ion symbol is N³⁻.

> Diagram:
> - N atom: 2 electrons in first shell, 5 in second.
> - N³⁻: 2 in first shell, 8 in second (full octet).

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#### 4. Oxygen Atom → Oxygen Ion

| Group | Period | Atomic # | Electrons | Cation/Anion | Ion Symbol |
|-------|--------|----------|-----------|--------------|------------|
| 16 | 2 | 8 | 8 | Anion | O²⁻ |

Explanation:
- Oxygen (O) has atomic number 8, so 8 electrons.
- In Group 16, it gains 2 electrons to complete octet.
- Total electrons after gaining: 10.
- Charge: -2, so ion symbol is O²⁻.

> Diagram:
> - O atom: 2 in first shell, 6 in second.
> - O²⁻: 2 in first shell, 8 in second.

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🧠 Summary Table:

| Element | Atom Electrons | Ion Type | Electrons in Ion | Ion Symbol |
|-------------|----------------|----------|------------------|------------|
| Lithium | 3 | Cation | 2 | Li⁺ |
| Beryllium | 4 | Cation | 2 | Be²⁺ |
| Nitrogen | 7 | Anion | 10 | N³⁻ |
| Oxygen | 8 | Anion | 10 | O²⁻ |

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💡 How to Draw the Diagrams:

For each atom/ion:
- Draw concentric circles (shells).
- Place electrons in shells (max 2 in first, 8 in second).
- For cations, remove electrons from the outermost shell.
- For anions, add electrons to the outermost shell until full.

Example:
- Li⁺: Only 2 electrons → one shell with 2 dots.
- N³⁻: 10 electrons → 2 in inner shell, 8 in outer shell.

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✔ Final Answer:

You should now be able to complete the worksheet as follows:

| Element | Group | Period | Atomic # | Electrons | Cation/Anion | Ion Symbol |
|-------------|-------|--------|----------|-----------|--------------|------------|
| Lithium | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | Cation | Li⁺ |
| Beryllium | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | Cation | Be²⁺ |
| Nitrogen | 15 | 2 | 7 | 7 | Anion | N³⁻ |
| Oxygen | 16 | 2 | 8 | 8 | Anion | O²⁻ |

And draw the diagrams accordingly.

Let me know if you'd like a visual description of how to draw the electron shells!