World map illustrating hemispheres and geographical features for educational use.

Let's go through each question step by step using the world map provided.

---

3.1 Name the ocean that is in the Southern and the Eastern hemisphere:

- The Southern Hemisphere is below the Equator (0° latitude).
- The Eastern Hemisphere is east of the Prime Meridian (0° longitude) up to 180°E.
- Looking at the map:
- The Indian Ocean lies south of the Equator (Southern Hemisphere) and is located between Africa, Asia, Australia, and Antarctica — mostly east of the Prime Meridian.
- It is clearly in both the Southern and Eastern Hemispheres.

✔ Answer: Indian Ocean

---

3.2 Name the two countries that the 60°W line runs through:

- 60°W is a line of longitude west of the Prime Meridian.
- On the map, this line passes through:
- Brazil (in South America)
- Canada (in North America)

🔍 Check: The 60°W line crosses northern Brazil and central Canada (e.g., near Quebec and Ontario).

✔ Answer: Brazil and Canada

---

3.3 Name three countries that are in both the Northern and Eastern hemispheres:

- Northern Hemisphere: Above the Equator (north of 0° latitude)
- Eastern Hemisphere: East of 0° to 180°E

Countries in both:
- China – Located north of the Equator and east of the Prime Meridian
- Japan – Also in the north and east
- India – In the northern and eastern hemispheres
- Other examples: Russia, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, etc.

✔ Answer: China, India, Japan
*(Any three countries in the upper-right quadrant of the globe)*

---

3.4 Name two countries that are in both the Eastern and Western provinces:

⚠️ Note: There is likely a typo here. "Provinces" should probably be hemispheres. So we assume it means Eastern and Western Hemispheres.

- Countries that span both the Eastern and Western Hemispheres must cross the Prime Meridian (0°) or 180° line, but since most landmasses don’t cross 180°, we look for those crossing 0° longitude.

Examples:
- Iceland – Crosses the 0° meridian (Prime Meridian) — part in Eastern, part in Western Hemisphere
- Greenland – Though technically part of Denmark, it spans both hemispheres (crosses 0°)
- United Kingdom – Most of it is in the Eastern Hemisphere, but some islands like the Falklands (not UK) aren't; actually, UK is entirely in the Eastern Hemisphere?

Wait: Let’s clarify:

- Iceland – Yes, straddles 0° longitude → crosses Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
- Spain – Mostly in Eastern, but not crossing 0°
- France – Same
- Russia – Spans from Eastern to Western? Actually, Russia extends across 180°? No — Russia crosses the International Date Line, so parts are in Western Hemisphere (east of 180°), but only a small portion.

But wait — the best examples are:
- Iceland
- Greenland (part of Denmark, but geographically in both hemispheres)
- Alaska (USA) – Alaska crosses 180°? No, it's west of 180°, so in Western Hemisphere only.

Actually, no country is fully in both Eastern and Western Hemispheres unless it crosses the Prime Meridian (0°) or 180°.

The only country that truly crosses 0° longitude is Iceland — its western edge is in the Western Hemisphere, and eastern edge in Eastern.

Another one: Senegal and Gambia — they are near 0°, but still mostly in Eastern.

Wait — UK is near 0°, but not crossing it.

✔ Correct answer:
- Iceland – crosses the Prime Meridian (0°)
- Tunisia? No.
- Actually, only Iceland clearly crosses 0° longitude.

Wait — Sao Tome and Principe? No.

Better: Some sources say that no country is split exactly by the Prime Meridian, but Iceland is very close and is considered to be in both hemispheres.

But let’s think differently.

Actually, countries that cross the International Date Line (180°) can be in both Eastern and Western Hemispheres.

For example:
- Russia – spans from Europe (Eastern) to Asia (but does not cross 180°). Actually, Russia’s far east is just west of 180°, so still in Western Hemisphere?
- Kazakhstan – No
- Fiji – No

Wait — Kiribati — yes! Kiribati includes islands on both sides of the 180° line.

But Kiribati is not shown clearly on this map.

Alternatively, the correct answer is likely:

- Iceland – crosses 0° longitude → in both Eastern and Western Hemispheres
- Greenland – also crosses 0° longitude? No — Greenland is west of 0°, mostly in Western Hemisphere.

Actually, Iceland is the only country that spans both hemispheres due to crossing 0°.

But perhaps the intended answer is:

✔ Answer: Iceland and Russia
But Russia doesn’t cross 0° — it starts around 20°E and goes to 170°E — still in Eastern Hemisphere.

Wait — no country spans both Eastern and Western Hemispheres except if it crosses 0° or 180°.

So the only country that crosses 0° longitude is Iceland.

But there’s another possibility: the United Kingdom — no, it's all east of 0°.

Actually, no country is officially split by the Prime Meridian.

But Iceland is often cited as being in both hemispheres because it straddles the 0° line.

Similarly, some African countries near 0° — like Nigeria? No, it's east of 0°.

Wait — Gambia? No.

Actually, the only country that crosses the Prime Meridian is Iceland.

So likely, the intended answer is:

✔ Answer: Iceland and Greenland
(Though Greenland is not a country, it's an autonomous territory of Denmark.)

But if we allow territories, maybe:

Alternatively, the intended answer might be:

- Iceland
- Russia (if considering the IDL — but no)

Wait — there is a better way: Some countries span both Eastern and Western Hemispheres due to crossing 180°, such as:

- Russia – its easternmost point is west of 180°, so in Western Hemisphere? No — 180° is the boundary. Areas west of 180° are in Western Hemisphere, east of 180° are in Eastern Hemisphere.

Wait — Hemisphere division:
- Eastern Hemisphere: 0° to 180°E
- Western Hemisphere: 0° to 180°W

So anything west of 0° is in Western Hemisphere, east of 0° is in Eastern.

So any country that crosses 0° longitude will be in both.

- Iceland – yes, crosses 0°
- United Kingdom – no, all east of 0°
- France – no
- Spain – no
- Ghana – near 0°, but not crossing

Only Iceland crosses 0°.

But Greenland — it's west of 0°, so entirely in Western Hemisphere.

Wait — the only country that crosses the Prime Meridian is Iceland.

But what about the United Kingdom? No.

Actually, no country crosses the Prime Meridian — it passes through the Atlantic Ocean, near the UK, but not through any country.

Wait — it passes through the UK? No — the Prime Meridian passes through Greenwich, UK, but the UK is entirely east of 0°, except for some offshore islands?

No — the UK is mostly at 0° to 2°W — so entirely in the Western Hemisphere?

Wait — this is a common misconception.

Actually:
- The Eastern Hemisphere includes areas from 0° to 180°E
- The Western Hemisphere includes areas from 0° to 180°W

So any place with longitude between 0° and 180°E is in the Eastern Hemisphere
- Any place with longitude between 0° and 180°W is in the Western Hemisphere

So:
- If a country has longitudes from -5°W to +5°E, it spans both hemispheres.

Does any country do that?

Yes:
- Ireland – around 5°W to 10°W → Western Hemisphere
- UK – from ~5°W to ~2°E → so parts of England and Scotland are east of 0°, and parts west of 0°

So the UK crosses the Prime Meridian!

✔ United Kingdom – spans from about 5°W to 2°E → crosses 0° → so in both Eastern and Western Hemispheres

Similarly:
- Ireland – mostly west of 0° → Western Hemisphere only
- France – from ~6°W to 9°E → so crosses 0° → France also spans both hemispheres

Yes!

So:
- United Kingdom – crosses 0° → both hemispheres
- France – crosses 0° → both hemispheres
- Ireland – mostly west → only Western
- Spain – mostly west → Western
- Portugal – 9°W → Western

So France and UK are both in both Eastern and Western Hemispheres.

✔ Answer: United Kingdom and France

But wait — on the map, France is shown, and UK is shown.

So yes.

✔ Answer: United Kingdom and France

---

3.5 Name two countries that are in both the Northern and Southern hemispheres:

- These countries must cross the Equator (0° latitude)

Examples:
- Mexico – equator is south of Mexico → no
- Colombia – yes, equator passes through it
- Ecuador – named after the equator — yes
- Brazil – yes, equator passes through northern Brazil
- Kenya – yes
- Uganda – yes
- Indonesia – yes, equator passes through it
- Malaysia – yes, southern part is south of equator?

Wait — Malaysia: peninsular Malaysia is north of equator, Borneo (Sabah/Sarawak) is south — so yes, Malaysia crosses equator?

No — equator passes through Indonesia, Kenya, Uganda, Colombia, Ecuador, Brazil, Gabon, Democratic Republic of Congo, etc.

On the map:
- Brazil – yes, equator passes through northern Brazil
- Colombia – yes
- Ecuador – yes
- Kenya – yes
- Indonesia – yes

So pick any two.

✔ Answer: Brazil and Colombia
(or Ecuador, Kenya, etc.)

---

✔ Final Answers:

3.1 Indian Ocean
3.2 Brazil and Canada
3.3 China, India, Japan
3.4 United Kingdom and France
3.5 Brazil and Colombia

(Note: For 3.4, if "provinces" was meant literally, it might be a mistake — likely meant "hemispheres". If not, it may refer to administrative divisions, but that would be unclear. Assuming "hemispheres".)

---

Let me know if you'd like these answers formatted for submission.