10. In Metaphase I of Meiosis, homologous chromosome pairs (tetrads) line up at the metaphase plate, with spindle fibers attached to each homologous chromosome. In Metaphase of Mitosis, individual chromosomes (each composed of two sister chromatids) line up single file at the metaphase plate, with spindle fibers attached to the centromere of each chromosome.
11. Metaphase I; Structure A is the spindle fiber (or microtubule).
12. Prophase I; The nuclear envelope is breaking down; this happens to allow spindle fibers to access and attach to the chromosomes for their subsequent movement.
13. Anaphase I; Homologous chromosomes are being separated and pulled to opposite poles of the cell.
14. Meiosis is referred to as a process of cell replication because it produces new cells (gametes) from a parent cell, involving DNA replication during interphase prior to meiosis I, which ensures genetic material is passed on to daughter cells.
15. Meiosis is referred to as a process of cell reduction because it reduces the chromosome number by half—from diploid (2n) in the parent cell to haploid (n) in the resulting gametes—ensuring that when gametes fuse during fertilization, the normal diploid chromosome number is restored.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of mitosis and meiosis worksheet.
