- SO₄²⁻: Sulfur bonded to four oxygen atoms with two double bonds and two single bonds (each single-bonded O has a negative charge), total formal charge -2.
- CO: Carbon triple-bonded to oxygen, with one lone pair on each atom; formal charges: C = -1, O = +1.
- C₂H₆: Two carbon atoms single-bonded, each bonded to three hydrogen atoms.
- BF₃: Boron central atom single-bonded to three fluorine atoms; no lone pairs on boron.
- H₃O⁺: Oxygen central atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, with one lone pair; positive charge on oxygen.
- HCN: Carbon triple-bonded to nitrogen, single-bonded to hydrogen; lone pair on nitrogen.
- O₂: Two oxygen atoms double-bonded, each with two lone pairs; molecular orbital diagram shows two unpaired electrons (paramagnetic).
- CH₄S: Carbon bonded to four atoms: two H, one S, and one H (or alternatively, sulfur bonded to carbon and two hydrogens — structure depends on connectivity; common is methanethiol: CH₃SH).
- HNO₃: Nitrogen central atom bonded to three oxygens: one double bond, two single bonds (one with OH group); formal charges: N = +1, one O = -1, others neutral.
- HPO₄²⁻: Phosphorus central atom bonded to four oxygens: one double bond, three single bonds (two with negative charges, one with OH); total charge -2.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of molecular structure worksheet.
