What Is the Muscular System? Human Body Science Printable (6th ... - Free Printable
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Step-by-step solution for: What Is the Muscular System? Human Body Science Printable (6th ...
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Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: What Is the Muscular System? Human Body Science Printable (6th ...
Here are the answers to the questions on your worksheet, broken down step by step.
1. What is a tendon?
A tendon is a tough band of fibrous tissue that connects a muscle to a bone. It acts like a strong rope; when the muscle pulls on the tendon, the tendon pulls on the bone to create movement.
2. What is an extensor?
An extensor is a type of muscle that straightens a joint. For example, when you straighten your arm at the elbow, your triceps (an extensor) is doing the work.
3. What is a flexor?
A flexor is a type of muscle that bends a joint. For example, when you bend your arm to show off your bicep, that muscle is acting as a flexor.
4. About how many muscles are there in the human body?
There are approximately 600 to 650 muscles in the human body. (Most textbooks accept "over 600" or "about 650").
5. What is the difference between tendons and ligaments?
* Tendons connect muscle to bone.
* Ligaments connect bone to bone. Ligaments hold your skeleton together at the joints to keep it stable.
6. What must a muscle do to move a bone?
A muscle must contract (get shorter and tighter). Muscles can only pull; they cannot push. So, to move a bone, the muscle squeezes tight and pulls on the tendon attached to that bone.
7. How do muscles work together to move parts of the body?
Muscles usually work in pairs (opposing pairs). When one muscle contracts to pull a bone one way (the flexor), the opposing muscle relaxes. To move the bone back, the other muscle (the extensor) contracts while the first one relaxes.
8. Is the biceps muscle of the arm a flexor or an extensor?
The biceps is a flexor. It is located on the front of the upper arm and helps bend the elbow.
9. Is the triceps muscle of the arm a flexor or an extensor?
The triceps is an extensor. It is located on the back of the upper arm and helps straighten the elbow.
10. Are muscles relaxed or contracted when they move bones?
Muscles are contracted when they move bones. Relaxation allows them to return to their original length so they can be pulled by the opposing muscle pair.
***
1. Explain how muscles work together to move the lower arm.
To move the lower arm (forearm), the biceps and triceps work as a team.
* Bending: When you want to bend your arm, the biceps contracts (pulls tight) and the triceps relaxes. This pulls the lower arm up.
* Straightening: When you want to straighten your arm, the triceps contracts and the biceps relaxes. This pulls the lower arm back down. They take turns pulling to move the arm up and down.
2. The triceps at the back of the upper arm is actually a group of muscles. Why do you think that there is more than one muscle?
Having a group of muscles instead of just one big muscle provides strength, stability, and control. Different parts of the muscle group might help with different movements of the shoulder or elbow, and if one part gets tired or slightly injured, the others can still help the arm function. It also allows for smoother, more precise movements.
3. Do you think that ball-and-socket joints would need a pair of muscles or a team of many muscles to provide movements in all directions? Why?
They would need a team of many muscles.
* Why: A hinge joint (like the elbow) only moves back and forth, so it only needs two muscles (a pair). However, a ball-and-socket joint (like the shoulder or hip) can move in circles, forward, backward, and side-to-side. Because it has so much freedom of movement, it needs many different muscles surrounding it to pull the bone in all those different directions.
Final Answer:
Lesson Review:
1. A tendon connects muscle to bone.
2. An extensor straightens a joint.
3. A flexor bends a joint.
4. About 600–650.
5. Tendons connect muscle to bone; ligaments connect bone to bone.
6. It must contract.
7. They work in opposing pairs (one contracts while the other relaxes).
8. Flexor.
9. Extensor.
10. Contracted.
Skill Challenge:
1. The biceps contracts to bend the arm while the triceps relaxes; the triceps contracts to straighten the arm while the biceps relaxes.
2. To provide more strength, stability, and precise control over movement.
3. A team of many muscles, because ball-and-socket joints move in many directions (circles, side-to-side), not just back and forth.
Lesson Review
1. What is a tendon?
A tendon is a tough band of fibrous tissue that connects a muscle to a bone. It acts like a strong rope; when the muscle pulls on the tendon, the tendon pulls on the bone to create movement.
2. What is an extensor?
An extensor is a type of muscle that straightens a joint. For example, when you straighten your arm at the elbow, your triceps (an extensor) is doing the work.
3. What is a flexor?
A flexor is a type of muscle that bends a joint. For example, when you bend your arm to show off your bicep, that muscle is acting as a flexor.
4. About how many muscles are there in the human body?
There are approximately 600 to 650 muscles in the human body. (Most textbooks accept "over 600" or "about 650").
5. What is the difference between tendons and ligaments?
* Tendons connect muscle to bone.
* Ligaments connect bone to bone. Ligaments hold your skeleton together at the joints to keep it stable.
6. What must a muscle do to move a bone?
A muscle must contract (get shorter and tighter). Muscles can only pull; they cannot push. So, to move a bone, the muscle squeezes tight and pulls on the tendon attached to that bone.
7. How do muscles work together to move parts of the body?
Muscles usually work in pairs (opposing pairs). When one muscle contracts to pull a bone one way (the flexor), the opposing muscle relaxes. To move the bone back, the other muscle (the extensor) contracts while the first one relaxes.
8. Is the biceps muscle of the arm a flexor or an extensor?
The biceps is a flexor. It is located on the front of the upper arm and helps bend the elbow.
9. Is the triceps muscle of the arm a flexor or an extensor?
The triceps is an extensor. It is located on the back of the upper arm and helps straighten the elbow.
10. Are muscles relaxed or contracted when they move bones?
Muscles are contracted when they move bones. Relaxation allows them to return to their original length so they can be pulled by the opposing muscle pair.
***
Skill Challenge
1. Explain how muscles work together to move the lower arm.
To move the lower arm (forearm), the biceps and triceps work as a team.
* Bending: When you want to bend your arm, the biceps contracts (pulls tight) and the triceps relaxes. This pulls the lower arm up.
* Straightening: When you want to straighten your arm, the triceps contracts and the biceps relaxes. This pulls the lower arm back down. They take turns pulling to move the arm up and down.
2. The triceps at the back of the upper arm is actually a group of muscles. Why do you think that there is more than one muscle?
Having a group of muscles instead of just one big muscle provides strength, stability, and control. Different parts of the muscle group might help with different movements of the shoulder or elbow, and if one part gets tired or slightly injured, the others can still help the arm function. It also allows for smoother, more precise movements.
3. Do you think that ball-and-socket joints would need a pair of muscles or a team of many muscles to provide movements in all directions? Why?
They would need a team of many muscles.
* Why: A hinge joint (like the elbow) only moves back and forth, so it only needs two muscles (a pair). However, a ball-and-socket joint (like the shoulder or hip) can move in circles, forward, backward, and side-to-side. Because it has so much freedom of movement, it needs many different muscles surrounding it to pull the bone in all those different directions.
Final Answer:
Lesson Review:
1. A tendon connects muscle to bone.
2. An extensor straightens a joint.
3. A flexor bends a joint.
4. About 600–650.
5. Tendons connect muscle to bone; ligaments connect bone to bone.
6. It must contract.
7. They work in opposing pairs (one contracts while the other relaxes).
8. Flexor.
9. Extensor.
10. Contracted.
Skill Challenge:
1. The biceps contracts to bend the arm while the triceps relaxes; the triceps contracts to straighten the arm while the biceps relaxes.
2. To provide more strength, stability, and precise control over movement.
3. A team of many muscles, because ball-and-socket joints move in many directions (circles, side-to-side), not just back and forth.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of muscular system worksheet.
