Worksheet for practicing the naming and formula writing of various acids.
Naming Acids Worksheet with two columns: one for naming acids from chemical formulas and one for writing formulas from acid names.
PNG
1280×1656
48.7 KB
Free · Personal Use
Quality Assured by Worksheets Library Team
Reviewed for educational accuracy and age-appropriateness
ID: #345756
⭐
Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: Naming Acids Worksheet | Exercises Chemistry | Docsity
▼
Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: Naming Acids Worksheet | Exercises Chemistry | Docsity
Let's solve this Naming Acids Worksheet step by step. We'll go through both parts:
---
We follow standard naming rules for acids:
- Binary acids (H + nonmetal): Use prefix "hydro-" + root of nonmetal + suffix "-ic acid"
- Oxyacids (H + polyatomic ion):
- If the anion ends in "-ate", the acid name ends in "-ic acid"
- If the anion ends in "-ite", the acid name ends in "-ous acid"
- For common acids like H₂SO₄, HNO₃, etc., use memorized names
---
#### Solutions:
1. H₂C₂O₄ → Oxalic acid
*(Common name; derived from oxalate ion, C₂O₄²⁻)*
2. H₂CO₃ → Carbonic acid
*(From carbonate ion, CO₃²⁻)*
3. H₂Cr₂O₇ → Dichromic acid
*(From dichromate ion, Cr₂O₇²⁻)*
4. H₂CrO₄ → Chromic acid
*(From chromate ion, CrO₄²⁻)*
5. H₂S → Hydrosulfuric acid
*(Binary acid: H + S → hydro + sulf + ic acid)*
6. H₂Se → Hydroselenic acid
*(Binary acid: H + Se → hydro + selen + ic acid)*
7. H₂SO₃ → Sulfurous acid
*(From sulfite ion, SO₃²⁻ → "-ite" → "-ous")*
8. H₂SO₄ → Sulfuric acid
*(From sulfate ion, SO₄²⁻ → "-ate" → "-ic")*
9. H₃AsO₄ → Arsenic acid
*(From arsenate ion, AsO₄³⁻ → "-ate" → "-ic")*
10. H₃PO₄ → Phosphoric acid
*(From phosphate ion, PO₄³⁻ → "-ate" → "-ic")*
11. HBr → Hydrobromic acid
*(Binary acid: H + Br → hydro + brom + ic acid)*
12. HBrO₃ → Bromic acid
*(From bromate ion, BrO₃⁻ → "-ate" → "-ic")*
13. HC₂H₃O₂ → Acetic acid
*(Common name; also called ethanoic acid)*
14. HCl → Hydrochloric acid
*(Binary acid: H + Cl → hydro + chlor + ic acid)*
15. HClO → Hypochlorous acid
*(From hypochlorite ion, ClO⁻ → "-ite" → "-ous")*
16. HClO₂ → Chlorous acid
*(From chlorite ion, ClO₂⁻ → "-ite" → "-ous")*
17. HClO₄ → Perchloric acid
*(From perchlorate ion, ClO₄⁻ → "-ate" → "-ic"; "per-" indicates more oxygen than "chloric")*
18. HCN → Hydrocyanic acid
*(Binary acid with CN⁻ → cyanide)*
19. HF → Hydrofluoric acid
*(Binary acid: H + F → hydro + fluo + ric acid)*
20. HI → Hydroiodic acid
*(Binary acid: H + I → hydro + iodo + ic acid)*
21. HMnO₄ → Permanganic acid
*(From permanganate ion, MnO₄⁻ → "-ate" → "-ic")*
22. HNO₂ → Nitrous acid
*(From nitrite ion, NO₂⁻ → "-ite" → "-ous")*
23. HNO₃ → Nitric acid
*(From nitrate ion, NO₃⁻ → "-ate" → "-ic")*
---
Now we reverse the process.
Rules:
- Binary acids: H + element → e.g., HCl
- Oxyacids: Based on polyatomic ions (e.g., sulfate → H₂SO₄)
---
#### Solutions:
1. Acetic acid → HC₂H₃O₂
*(Also written as CH₃COOH)*
2. Arsenic acid → H₃AsO₄
*(Arsenate ion is AsO₄³⁻ → 3H⁺ needed)*
3. Bromic acid → HBrO₃
*(Bromate ion: BrO₃⁻ → H⁺ adds to make HBrO₃)*
4. Carbonic acid → H₂CO₃
*(Carbonate: CO₃²⁻ → needs 2H⁺)*
5. Chromic acid → H₂CrO₄
*(Chromate ion: CrO₄²⁻ → H₂CrO₄)*
6. Dichromic acid → H₂Cr₂O₇
*(Dichromate ion: Cr₂O₇²⁻ → H₂Cr₂O₇)*
7. Hydrobromic acid → HBr
*(Binary acid: H + Br)*
8. Hydrochloric acid → HCl
*(Binary acid: H + Cl)*
9. Hydrocyanic acid → HCN
*(H + CN⁻)*
10. Hydrofluoric acid → HF
*(Binary acid: H + F)*
11. Hydroiodic acid → HI
*(Binary acid: H + I)*
12. Hydroselenic acid → H₂Se
*(Binary acid: H + Se → H₂Se)*
13. Hydrosulfuric acid → H₂S
*(Binary acid: H + S → H₂S)*
14. Hypochloric acid → HClO
*(Hypochlorite ion: ClO⁻ → HClO)*
15. Hypochlorous acid → HClO
*(Wait — same as above? Actually, "hypochlorous" and "hypochloric" are the same thing!)*
✔ Correct: HClO
> Note: The term “hypochlorous” is the correct name, but sometimes people confuse it. It’s HClO.
16. Nitric acid → HNO₃
*(Nitrate ion: NO₃⁻ → HNO₃)*
17. Nitrous acid → HNO₂
*(Nitrite ion: NO₂⁻ → HNO₂)*
18. Oxalic acid → H₂C₂O₄
*(Oxalate ion: C₂O₄²⁻ → H₂C₂O₄)*
19. Perchloric acid → HClO₄
*(Perchlorate ion: ClO₄⁻ → HClO₄)*
20. Permanganic acid → HMnO₄
*(Permanganate ion: MnO₄⁻ → HMnO₄)*
21. Phosphoric acid → H₃PO₄
*(Phosphate ion: PO₄³⁻ → H₃PO₄)*
22. Sulfuric acid → H₂SO₄
*(Sulfate ion: SO₄²⁻ → H₂SO₄)*
23. Sulfurous acid → H₂SO₃
*(Sulfite ion: SO₃²⁻ → H₂SO₃)*
---
#### Part 1: Name the acids
| Formula | Name |
|----------------|-----------------------|
| H₂C₂O₄ | Oxalic acid |
| H₂CO₃ | Carbonic acid |
| H₂Cr₂O₇ | Dichromic acid |
| H₂CrO₄ | Chromic acid |
| H₂S | Hydrosulfuric acid |
| H₂Se | Hydroselenic acid |
| H₂SO₃ | Sulfurous acid |
| H₂SO₄ | Sulfuric acid |
| H₃AsO₄ | Arsenic acid |
| H₃PO₄ | Phosphoric acid |
| HBr | Hydrobromic acid |
| HBrO₃ | Bromic acid |
| HC₂H₃O₂ | Acetic acid |
| HCl | Hydrochloric acid |
| HClO | Hypochlorous acid |
| HClO₂ | Chlorous acid |
| HClO₄ | Perchloric acid |
| HCN | Hydrocyanic acid |
| HF | Hydrofluoric acid |
| HI | Hydroiodic acid |
| HMnO₄ | Permanganic acid |
| HNO₂ | Nitrous acid |
| HNO₃ | Nitric acid |
#### Part 2: Write formulas
| Name | Formula |
|-----------------------|----------------|
| Acetic acid | HC₂H₃O₂ |
| Arsenic acid | H₃AsO₄ |
| Bromic acid | HBrO₃ |
| Carbonic acid | H₂CO₃ |
| Chromic acid | H₂CrO₄ |
| Dichromic acid | H₂Cr₂O₇ |
| Hydrobromic acid | HBr |
| Hydrochloric acid | HCl |
| Hydrocyanic acid | HCN |
| Hydrofluoric acid | HF |
| Hydroiodic acid | HI |
| Hydroselenic acid | H₂Se |
| Hydrosulfuric acid | H₂S |
| Hypochloric acid | HClO |
| Hypochlorous acid | HClO |
| Nitric acid | HNO₃ |
| Nitrous acid | HNO₂ |
| Oxalic acid | H₂C₂O₄ |
| Perchloric acid | HClO₄ |
| Permanganic acid | HMnO₄ |
| Phosphoric acid | H₃PO₄ |
| Sulfuric acid | H₂SO₄ |
| Sulfurous acid | H₂SO₃ |
---
✔ All answers are now complete and correctly matched using standard acid nomenclature rules. Let me know if you'd like a printable version or explanation of any specific rule!
---
Part 1: Name the following as acids
We follow standard naming rules for acids:
- Binary acids (H + nonmetal): Use prefix "hydro-" + root of nonmetal + suffix "-ic acid"
- Oxyacids (H + polyatomic ion):
- If the anion ends in "-ate", the acid name ends in "-ic acid"
- If the anion ends in "-ite", the acid name ends in "-ous acid"
- For common acids like H₂SO₄, HNO₃, etc., use memorized names
---
#### Solutions:
1. H₂C₂O₄ → Oxalic acid
*(Common name; derived from oxalate ion, C₂O₄²⁻)*
2. H₂CO₃ → Carbonic acid
*(From carbonate ion, CO₃²⁻)*
3. H₂Cr₂O₇ → Dichromic acid
*(From dichromate ion, Cr₂O₇²⁻)*
4. H₂CrO₄ → Chromic acid
*(From chromate ion, CrO₄²⁻)*
5. H₂S → Hydrosulfuric acid
*(Binary acid: H + S → hydro + sulf + ic acid)*
6. H₂Se → Hydroselenic acid
*(Binary acid: H + Se → hydro + selen + ic acid)*
7. H₂SO₃ → Sulfurous acid
*(From sulfite ion, SO₃²⁻ → "-ite" → "-ous")*
8. H₂SO₄ → Sulfuric acid
*(From sulfate ion, SO₄²⁻ → "-ate" → "-ic")*
9. H₃AsO₄ → Arsenic acid
*(From arsenate ion, AsO₄³⁻ → "-ate" → "-ic")*
10. H₃PO₄ → Phosphoric acid
*(From phosphate ion, PO₄³⁻ → "-ate" → "-ic")*
11. HBr → Hydrobromic acid
*(Binary acid: H + Br → hydro + brom + ic acid)*
12. HBrO₃ → Bromic acid
*(From bromate ion, BrO₃⁻ → "-ate" → "-ic")*
13. HC₂H₃O₂ → Acetic acid
*(Common name; also called ethanoic acid)*
14. HCl → Hydrochloric acid
*(Binary acid: H + Cl → hydro + chlor + ic acid)*
15. HClO → Hypochlorous acid
*(From hypochlorite ion, ClO⁻ → "-ite" → "-ous")*
16. HClO₂ → Chlorous acid
*(From chlorite ion, ClO₂⁻ → "-ite" → "-ous")*
17. HClO₄ → Perchloric acid
*(From perchlorate ion, ClO₄⁻ → "-ate" → "-ic"; "per-" indicates more oxygen than "chloric")*
18. HCN → Hydrocyanic acid
*(Binary acid with CN⁻ → cyanide)*
19. HF → Hydrofluoric acid
*(Binary acid: H + F → hydro + fluo + ric acid)*
20. HI → Hydroiodic acid
*(Binary acid: H + I → hydro + iodo + ic acid)*
21. HMnO₄ → Permanganic acid
*(From permanganate ion, MnO₄⁻ → "-ate" → "-ic")*
22. HNO₂ → Nitrous acid
*(From nitrite ion, NO₂⁻ → "-ite" → "-ous")*
23. HNO₃ → Nitric acid
*(From nitrate ion, NO₃⁻ → "-ate" → "-ic")*
---
Part 2: Write formulas for the following acids
Now we reverse the process.
Rules:
- Binary acids: H + element → e.g., HCl
- Oxyacids: Based on polyatomic ions (e.g., sulfate → H₂SO₄)
---
#### Solutions:
1. Acetic acid → HC₂H₃O₂
*(Also written as CH₃COOH)*
2. Arsenic acid → H₃AsO₄
*(Arsenate ion is AsO₄³⁻ → 3H⁺ needed)*
3. Bromic acid → HBrO₃
*(Bromate ion: BrO₃⁻ → H⁺ adds to make HBrO₃)*
4. Carbonic acid → H₂CO₃
*(Carbonate: CO₃²⁻ → needs 2H⁺)*
5. Chromic acid → H₂CrO₄
*(Chromate ion: CrO₄²⁻ → H₂CrO₄)*
6. Dichromic acid → H₂Cr₂O₇
*(Dichromate ion: Cr₂O₇²⁻ → H₂Cr₂O₇)*
7. Hydrobromic acid → HBr
*(Binary acid: H + Br)*
8. Hydrochloric acid → HCl
*(Binary acid: H + Cl)*
9. Hydrocyanic acid → HCN
*(H + CN⁻)*
10. Hydrofluoric acid → HF
*(Binary acid: H + F)*
11. Hydroiodic acid → HI
*(Binary acid: H + I)*
12. Hydroselenic acid → H₂Se
*(Binary acid: H + Se → H₂Se)*
13. Hydrosulfuric acid → H₂S
*(Binary acid: H + S → H₂S)*
14. Hypochloric acid → HClO
*(Hypochlorite ion: ClO⁻ → HClO)*
15. Hypochlorous acid → HClO
*(Wait — same as above? Actually, "hypochlorous" and "hypochloric" are the same thing!)*
✔ Correct: HClO
> Note: The term “hypochlorous” is the correct name, but sometimes people confuse it. It’s HClO.
16. Nitric acid → HNO₃
*(Nitrate ion: NO₃⁻ → HNO₃)*
17. Nitrous acid → HNO₂
*(Nitrite ion: NO₂⁻ → HNO₂)*
18. Oxalic acid → H₂C₂O₄
*(Oxalate ion: C₂O₄²⁻ → H₂C₂O₄)*
19. Perchloric acid → HClO₄
*(Perchlorate ion: ClO₄⁻ → HClO₄)*
20. Permanganic acid → HMnO₄
*(Permanganate ion: MnO₄⁻ → HMnO₄)*
21. Phosphoric acid → H₃PO₄
*(Phosphate ion: PO₄³⁻ → H₃PO₄)*
22. Sulfuric acid → H₂SO₄
*(Sulfate ion: SO₄²⁻ → H₂SO₄)*
23. Sulfurous acid → H₂SO₃
*(Sulfite ion: SO₃²⁻ → H₂SO₃)*
---
✔ Final Answer Summary:
#### Part 1: Name the acids
| Formula | Name |
|----------------|-----------------------|
| H₂C₂O₄ | Oxalic acid |
| H₂CO₃ | Carbonic acid |
| H₂Cr₂O₇ | Dichromic acid |
| H₂CrO₄ | Chromic acid |
| H₂S | Hydrosulfuric acid |
| H₂Se | Hydroselenic acid |
| H₂SO₃ | Sulfurous acid |
| H₂SO₄ | Sulfuric acid |
| H₃AsO₄ | Arsenic acid |
| H₃PO₄ | Phosphoric acid |
| HBr | Hydrobromic acid |
| HBrO₃ | Bromic acid |
| HC₂H₃O₂ | Acetic acid |
| HCl | Hydrochloric acid |
| HClO | Hypochlorous acid |
| HClO₂ | Chlorous acid |
| HClO₄ | Perchloric acid |
| HCN | Hydrocyanic acid |
| HF | Hydrofluoric acid |
| HI | Hydroiodic acid |
| HMnO₄ | Permanganic acid |
| HNO₂ | Nitrous acid |
| HNO₃ | Nitric acid |
#### Part 2: Write formulas
| Name | Formula |
|-----------------------|----------------|
| Acetic acid | HC₂H₃O₂ |
| Arsenic acid | H₃AsO₄ |
| Bromic acid | HBrO₃ |
| Carbonic acid | H₂CO₃ |
| Chromic acid | H₂CrO₄ |
| Dichromic acid | H₂Cr₂O₇ |
| Hydrobromic acid | HBr |
| Hydrochloric acid | HCl |
| Hydrocyanic acid | HCN |
| Hydrofluoric acid | HF |
| Hydroiodic acid | HI |
| Hydroselenic acid | H₂Se |
| Hydrosulfuric acid | H₂S |
| Hypochloric acid | HClO |
| Hypochlorous acid | HClO |
| Nitric acid | HNO₃ |
| Nitrous acid | HNO₂ |
| Oxalic acid | H₂C₂O₄ |
| Perchloric acid | HClO₄ |
| Permanganic acid | HMnO₄ |
| Phosphoric acid | H₃PO₄ |
| Sulfuric acid | H₂SO₄ |
| Sulfurous acid | H₂SO₃ |
---
✔ All answers are now complete and correctly matched using standard acid nomenclature rules. Let me know if you'd like a printable version or explanation of any specific rule!
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of naming acids worksheet.
